小微企业政治关联如何影响技术创新——激励效应还是诅咒效应?  

How does the political connection of small and micro enterprises affect technological innovation:Incentive effect or curse effect?

作　　者：杨君[1] 肖尧 肖明月[2] 王丹[1] YANG Jun;XIAO Yao;XIAO Mingyue;WANG Dan(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Sci-tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School of Investment&Insurance,Zhejiang Financial College,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学经济管理学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江金融职业学院投资保险学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University：Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(23NDJC142YB);浙江省科技厅软科学项目(2022C35088);浙江省自然科学基金青年项目(LQ18G030018);浙江省社科联研究课题(2023N130)。

摘　　要：基于中国小微企业调查数据分析政治关联对小微企业技术创新及其绩效的影响,结果显示:政治关联可有效激励小微企业技术创新,但对低水平技术创新的激励作用大于高水平技术创新。异质性分析显示,当前具备政治关联可以促进技术创新,曾经具备政治关联的影响不显著,说明政治关联存在“时效”问题;政治关联的影响还存在区域、企业规模和是否属于高新技术企业等方面的异质性。机制分析显示,政治关联通过税收优惠和政府补贴促进小微企业技术创新,但未转化为企业的市场收益。进一步分析显示,具备政治关联未提升小微企业经营绩效,且导致了政治关联维持费用显著增长,说明政治关联诱导小微企业花费大量资金用于“寻租”,抑制了技术创新的价值。上述结论说明政治关联同时存在技术创新数量激励效应和价值诅咒效应,这为深入理解政府与小微企业技术创新之间的关系提供了经验证据。Based on the data of China Small and Micro Enterprise Survey,this paper analyzes the impact of political connection on technological innovation and performance of small and micro enterprises,and results show that political connection can effectively stimulate the technological innovation of small and micro enterprises,and the stimulation to low-level technological innovations is higher than that of high-level technological innovations.The heterogeneity analysis shows that current political connection can promote technological innovation,while the impact of past political connection is not significant,which indicates that there is a"timeliness"problem in political connection;the impact of political connection also has heterogeneity in areas,enterprise size and whether they belong to high-tech enterprises.Mechanism analysis shows that political connection promotes technological innovation of small and micro enterprises through tax incentives and government subsidies,but it cannot be transformed into market revenue.Further analysis shows that political connection does not improve the business performance of small and micro enterprises,and leads to a significant increase in the maintenance cost of political connection,indicating that political connection induces small and micro enterprises to spend a lot of money on"rent-seeking"and inhibits the value of technological innovation.The above conclusions show that political connection has both quantitative incentive effect and performance curse effect on technological innovation,which provides empirical evidence for an in-depth understanding of the relationship between government and technological innovation of small and micro enterprises.

关 键 词：政治关联 小微企业 技术创新 诅咒效应 激励效应 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]