欧美科技政策文本扫描与监测系统实现  

System for Scanning and Monitoring Science and Technology Policy Texts of US and EU

作　　者：于达海 常奥飞 化柏林[1] 王宏光 郑文蛟 YU Dahai;CHANG Aofei;HUA Bolin;WANG Hongguang;ZHENG Wenjiao(Department of Information Management,Peking University,Beijing 100871;HongKong University Business School,Hongkong 999077)

机构地区：[1]北京大学信息管理系,北京100871 [2]香港大学经管学院,中国香港999077

出　　处：《科技情报研究》2023年第1期43-57,共15页Scientific Information Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“基于多源数据融合的情报用户需求探测研究”(编号:17BTQ066)。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]科技政策对科技事业的发展具有指导作用,科技政策是否高效合理,对科学技术能否快速发展具有重要的影响。为了帮助决策者更快捷地掌握国际最新科技布局、规划与政策引领,特别是跟踪并分析欧美主要发达国家的科技政策,实时抓取相应的科技政策文本并进行分析挖掘,在当前的国际环境下具有重要意义。[方法/过程]本研究设计并实现了欧美科技政策文本扫描与监测系统,主要包括数据库层、数据实体层、业务逻辑层和界面层4层体系架构,实现了定期采集、翻译、关键词抽取、技术实体抽取、自动摘要、政策文本分类以及演化分析等功能,为科技政策的制定与规划提供了重要的决策支持。[结果/结论]欧美科技政策文本扫描与监测系统有助于第一时间监测欧美科技政策最新动态,把握欧美科技政策的演化进程与趋势,及时窥探欧美科技政策的规划与布局,为我国科技政策的制定、规划与完善提供完备的信息支撑与决策参考。[Purpose/significance]Science and technology policy plays a guiding role in the development of science and technology. Whether science and technology policies are efficient and reasonable has an important impact on the rapid development of science and technology. In order to help decision-makers grasp the latest international scientific and technological layout, planning and policy guidance more quickly, especially to track and analyze the scientific,and technological policies of major developed countries in Europe and the United States, grab analyze and mine the corresponding scientific and technological policy texts in real time, has of great significance in the current international environment. [Method/process]This research designed and implemented a scanning and monitoring system for science and technology policy texts in Europe and the United States, which mainly includes a four-tier architecture of database layer, data entity layer, business logic layer and interface layer. It realizes the functions of regular collection, translation, keyword extraction, technology entity extraction, automatic summary, policy text classification and evolution analysis, and provides important decision support for the formulation and planning of science and technology policies. [Result/conclusion]The text scanning and monitoring system of European and American S&T policies is helpful to monitor the latest update, grasp the evolution trend, and spy on the planning and layout of European and American science and technology policies, and provide complete information support and decision-making reference for the formulation, planning and improvement of China’s S&T policies.

关 键 词：科技政策 网络爬虫 机器学习 文本挖掘 信息抽取 

分 类 号：C356[社会学]