土地利用类型对滨海城市复合淹没的影响——以象山县为例  

Impact of Land Use Types on Compound Flooding in Coastal Cities:A Case Study of Xiangshan,China

作　　者：施劭瑜 杨波 江文胜[1,2] 于格 王有霄[4] Shi Shaoyu;Yang Bo;Jiang Wensheng;Yu Ge;Wang Youxiao(The Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Institude of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期83-93,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2016YFC1401504)资助。

摘　　要：本文使用一种二维风暴潮漫滩\一维地下管网的耦合模型系统,根据下垫面土地利用类型调整底摩擦,模拟滨海城市象山县多种情景下的复合淹没过程。相较于将模型下垫面底摩擦系数设置为与海底相同,例如1×10^(-3)左右量级,沿海城市真实土地利用类型的底摩擦效应更强。通过设置包括堤坝、排水系统、风暴潮、降雨与底摩擦调整等5个因素的多组敏感性实验,详细探讨了不同淹没情景下随土地利用类型变化的底摩擦带来的影响。结果表明,底摩擦调整后风暴潮淹没程度显著降低,但同时会加剧城区降雨导致的淹没。最终导致风暴潮与降雨的联合作用减弱,令复合淹没趋向于风暴潮与降雨单一因素所致淹没的线性叠加,故对复合淹没进行分区后水文区占比增加,潮汐区占比减少。研究结果可指导滨海城市针对不同区域制定对应的防洪策略,降低淹没风险。In this paper,a 2D storm surge\\1D drainage system coupled model is used to simulate the compound flooding processes with the bottom friction adjusted according to the land use types of underlying surface in a coastal city Xiangshan,China.Compared with setting the bottom friction coefficient of the underlying surface to be the same as that of the seabed,such as about 1×10^(-3),the bottom friction of the real land of coastal cities is stronger.Based on the sensitivity experiments of five factors,including the dam,drainage system,storm surge,rainfall and bottom friction adjustment,we discuss the effect in compound flooding processes with bottom friction adjustment by land use type under different scenarios.The results show that the inundation of storm surge decreases significantly after the bottom friction adjustment,but it also intensifies the inundation caused by rainfall in urban areas.As results,the combined effect of storm surge and rainfall is weakened,which makes the compound flooding tend to be the linear superposition of the inundation caused by storm surge and rainfall alone.Therefore,the proportion of hydrological zone increased and of tidal zone decreased after the subdivision of compound flooding area,which can guide for formulating corresponding flood protection for different areas to reduce the flood risk in coastal cities.

关 键 词：风暴潮漫滩 沿海城市内涝 数值模拟 底摩擦变化 象山 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]