铁棍山药超声强化热泵干燥的品质特性研究  

Quality characteristics of Dioscorea opposite by ultrasound-enhanced heat pump drying

作　　者：薛扬 刘恩宠 耿鸣阳 李梦 孙雪[1] 董钟[1] 刘云宏[1,2,3] XUE Yang;LIU Enchong;GENG Mingyang;LI Meng;SUN Xue;DONG Zhong;LIU Yunhong(School of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China;Food green processing and quality and safety control of Henan Province International Joint Laboratory,Luoyang 471000,China;Food Microbiology Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院,河南洛阳471000 [2]食品绿色加工与质量安全控制河南省国际联合实验室,河南洛阳471000 [3]食品微生物河南省工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2023年第3期234-242,共9页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(212102110080);河南省高校科技创新人才项目(19HASTIT013);河南科技大学SRTP项目(2021168)。

摘　　要：为了探究铁棍山药超声强化热泵干燥的品质特性,对铁棍山药进行超声强化热泵干燥,研究干燥温度及超声功率对铁棍山药品质的影响,并结合权重分析确定最佳干燥条件。结果表明,干燥温度和超声功率对样品的脱水时间、微观结构、硬度值、复水比、ΔE值、多酚含量、多糖含量及IC50值均有显著影响。在干燥温度65℃、超声功率60 W的条件下,样品的干燥时间最短(240 min)、硬度值最小(628.39 g),复水比最大(2.31 g/g),在干燥温度55℃、超声功率60 W的条件下,样品的多酚含量和多糖含量最大、ΔE值和IC50值最小,分别为36.17μg/g、137.47μg/g、47.99和33.27μg/mL。基于变异系数法的权重分析表明,在干燥温度55℃和超声功率60 W条件下所得铁棍山药样品的综合评分最高,表明上述条件即为铁棍山药超声强化热泵干燥最优参数。研究成果可为超声强化热泵干燥技术研发与应用提供参考。To explore the quality characteristics of Dioscorea opposite during contact ultrasound enhanced heat pump drying, Dioscorea opposite was dried by contact ultrasound enhanced heat pump equipment. The effects of different drying temperatures and ultrasound powers on the quality characteristics of samples were studied, and the optimal drying conditions were determined by weight analysis. Results showed that drying temperature and ultrasound power had significant effects on drying time, microstructure, hardness value, rehydration ratio, polyphenol content, polysaccharide content, and antioxidant activity. Under the conditions of drying temperature 65 ℃ and ultrasonic power 60 W, the drying time of the sample was the shortest, the hardness value was the smallest, and the rehydration ratio was the largest, which was 240 min, 628.39 g, and 2.31 g/g respectively. Under the conditions of drying temperature 55 ℃ and ultrasonic power 60 W, the polyphenol content and polysaccharide content of the sample were the largest, the ΔE value and the IC50value were the smallest, which were 36.17 μg/g, 137.47 μg/g, 47.99 and 33.27 μg/mL respectively. The weighted analysis based on the coefficient of variation method showed that the comprehensive score of Dioscorea opposite samples obtained under the conditions of drying temperature 55 ℃ and ultrasonic power 60 W was the highest, which represented that the above parameters were the optimal parameters. The research results can provide a reference for the development and application of ultrasound-enhanced heat pump drying technology.

关 键 词：铁棍山药 干燥 超声 热泵干燥 品质特性 权重分析 

分 类 号：TS215[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]