不同生境下黄斑篮子鱼肌肉营养成分比较分析  

Comparative analysis of nutritional composition of muscle from Siganus oramin living in different habitats

作　　者：杨育凯[1,2] 黄小林 舒琥[3] 林黑着 王岚[3] 荀鹏伟[4] 虞为 黄忠 李涛 YANG Yukai;HUANG Xiaolin;SHU Hu;LIN Heizhao;WANG Lan;XUN Pengwei;YU Wei;HUANG Zhong;LI Tao(South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China;Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/National Fishery Resources and Environment Dapeng Observation and Experimental Station,Shenzhen 518121,China;School of Life Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;College of Fisheries,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所深圳试验基地/国家渔业资源环境大鹏观测实验站,广东深圳518121 [3]广州大学生命科学学院,广东广州510006 [4]信阳农林学院水产学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2023年第1期128-135,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金(2019KJ143);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111030002);广东省省级科技计划项目(2019B030316022);广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金(FEEL-2019-11,FEEL-2021-4);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020CY04)。

摘　　要：为给黄斑篮子鱼(Siganus oramin)配合饲料研制提供基础数据,采用生化分析方法分别对工厂化养殖、高位池养殖和野生黄斑篮子鱼肌肉的一般营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成进行测定,探讨了生境对黄斑篮子鱼肌肉营养和品质的影响。结果显示,相较于野生鱼,2种养殖鱼肌肉粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量较高而水分、灰分较低,其中工厂化养殖鱼粗脂肪含量显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。3种实验鱼均测得17种常见氨基酸,其中以谷氨酸含量最高,必需氨基酸(Essential amino acids, EAA)中以赖氨酸最高;必需氨基酸指数(Essential amino acid index, EAAI)以高位池养殖鱼最高而野生鱼最低。2种养殖鱼测得26种脂肪酸而野生鱼仅测得24种;比较多不饱和脂肪酸(Polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA)组成,养殖鱼以n-6系列的C18:2n6c (亚油酸)为主,而野生鱼以n-3系列的C22:6n3 (DHA)、C20:5n3 (EPA)为主,n-3/n-6比值、EPA+DHA含量野生鱼均显著大于2种养殖鱼(P<0.05)。研究表明,养殖黄斑篮子鱼肌肉氨基酸营养和风味优于野生鱼,但相对缺乏DHA、EPA等n-3 PUFA。To provide basic data for the production of Siganus oramin formula feed, we measured the general nutritional composition, amino acids and fatty acids in the muscle of S. oramin from industrial farming, high pond farming and the wild by biochemical analysis, investigated the effects of habitat on the muscle the nutrition and quality of S. oramin. The results show that compared with the wild fish, the contents of crude protein and crude lipid were higher but those of ash and moisture were lower in the muscle of the farmed fish, and the crude fat content in the industrial farmed fish was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05). Moreover, there were 17 common amino acids in the three kinds of fishes. Among them the glutamate content was the highest. For essential amino acids(EAA), lysine had the highest content. The essential amino acid index(EAAI)was highest in high pond farmed fish but lowest in the wild fish. Furthermore, there were 26 species fatty acids in the two kinds of farmed fish but only 24 species were found in the wild fish. The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA), n-6 series C18:2n6c were highest in the two farmed fishes, while those of the C22:6n3(DHA) and C20:5n3(EPA) of n-3 series were significantly higher in the wild fish. The ratio of n-3/n-6 and the content of DHA+EPA in the wild fish were significantly different from the two farmed fishes(P<0.05). Thus, it is revealed that the farmed S. oramin’s nutrition and flavor are better than the wild ones, but they lack n-3 PUFA such as DHA and EPA.

关 键 词：黄斑篮子鱼 生境 一般营养成分 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]