再议“坎陷”——对一种学术批评的回应之一  

Further Discussion on“Self-negation”——One of the Responses to an Academic Criticism

作　　者：杨泽波 YANG Zebo(Center for Zhouyi&Ancient Chinese Philosophy,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250100;Department of Philosophy,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期26-36,共11页Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

摘　　要：坎陷是牟宗三的重要概念,有两个具体指向,一是“坎陷的外王指向”,二是“坎陷的存有指向”。这两个指向虽然都离不开道德与认知的关系,但涉及问题不同,完全可以分开处理。“坎陷的外王指向”内含“让开一步”“下降凝聚”“摄智归仁”三个要素。“让开一步”意指让开身段,以发展自己不擅长的方面,这项工作必须在“摄智归仁”的前提下展开,不是嫌弃“道德无力”,不是主张“道德无用”。“让开一步”之后的发展方向是“向下”的,此即为“下降凝聚”,这一义理可以借助“多重三分法”得到有力的说明。“多重三分法”是一种有益的尝试,有很大的学理潜力,代表着一个非常有前景的方向,不应轻易讥为“儿戏之论”。Self-negation is an important concept of Mou Zongsan,which has two specific directions,one is“the social ideal of the self-negation”,and the other is“the personality ideal of the self-negation”.Although these two points cannot be separated from the relationship between morality and cognition,they involve different issues and can be handled separately.“The social ideal of the self-negation”contains three elements:“stepping aside”,“descending and gathering”and“absorbing wisdom and returning to humanity”.“Stepping aside”means to get out of the way in order to develop the aspects you are not good at.This work must be carried out under the premise of“absorbing wisdom and returning to humanity”,rather than disliking“moral powerlessness”,and advocating“moral uselessness”.The development direction after“stepping aside”is“downward”,which is called“descending and gathering”.This principle can be effectively explained by the“multiple trichotomy”.The“multiple trichotomy”is a beneficial attempt,with great theoretical potential and represents a very promising direction.It should not be easily dismissed as“the theory of trifling”.

关 键 词：牟宗三 坎陷 多重三分法 

分 类 号：B261[哲学宗教—中国哲学]