25型客车牵引梁钢板折弯结构及工艺探讨  

Discussion on Steel Plate Bending Structure and Technology of Type 25 Passenger Car Traction Beam

作　　者：侯秀娟 HOU Xiujuan(Technical Center of Hebei Beijing Rail Transit Vehicle Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Baoding 072150,China)

机构地区：[1]河北京车轨道交通车辆装备有限公司技术中心,河北保定072150

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2023年第1期94-97,共4页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：25型客车牵引梁一直采用槽钢拼接结构,此结构虽然刚度大,但是存在制造工艺复杂、工艺周期长、焊接变形大、不易调修等问题。文章通过分析槽钢拼接结构牵引梁制造工艺存在的问题对其进行了结构改进,将传统槽钢拼接结构牵引梁改为钢板折弯结构牵引梁。钢板折弯结构牵引梁在保证整个牵引梁强度的同时,焊接量较槽钢拼接结构牵引梁减少了80%,消除了由于焊接引起的焊接变形,保证了产品质量;同时,加工工序较槽钢拼接结构牵引梁由10道减少到4道,工作量减少了60%,提高了生产效率,减少了工艺成本。钢板折弯结构及槽钢结构牵引梁有限元计算和对比分析表明:在同载荷、同工况条件下,钢板折弯结构牵引梁的结构强度优于槽钢拼接结构牵引梁,且强度裕量较大。The traction beam of type 25 passenger car has always adopted channel steel splicing structure. Although this structure has high stiffness, it has some problems such as complex manufacturing process, long process cycle, large welding deformation and difficult adjustment and repair. By analyzing its problems existing in the manufacturing process, this paper improves its structure, and changes the traditional channel steel structure traction beam into the steel plate bending structure traction beam. While ensuring the strength of the whole traction beam, the welding amount of the steel plate bending structure traction beam is reduced by 80% compared with the channel steel splicing structure traction beam, which eliminates the welding deformation caused by welding and ensures the product quality. At the same time, the processing procedure is reduced from 10 to 4 compared with the channel steel structure traction beam, and the workload is reduced by 60%, which improves the production efficiency and reduces the process cost. Through finite element calculation and comparative analysis of steel plate bending structure and channel steel structure traction beam, it is shown that the structural strength of steel plate bending structure traction beam is better than that of channel steel splicing structure traction beam under the same load and working condition, and the strength margin is larger.

关 键 词：25型客车 牵引梁 钢板折弯结构 工艺 有限元分析 强度 

分 类 号：U271[机械工程—车辆工程]