热风干燥对花生种子活力的影响  

Effect of hot air drying temperatureon seed vigor of peanut

作　　者：彭心怡 丛锦玲[1,2] 闫琴 王怡苏[1] 黄力 曹琨 李晓燕 PENG Xinyi;CONG Jinling;YAN Qin;WANG Yisu;HUANG Li;CAO Kun;LI Xiaoyan(College of Mechanical Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;College of Mechanical Electrical Engineering,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000,China;College of Water and Architecture Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]绍兴文理学院机械与电气工程学院,浙江绍兴312000 [3]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期698-704,共7页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51865052);石河子大学国际科技合作推进计划(GJHZ201902)。

摘　　要：为探究热风干燥对花生种子活力的影响,本文通过开展花生种子热风干燥试验,考察不同干燥温度(35~55℃)、不同含水率(10%~12%)下种子干燥后的活力。试验采用直接干燥法,测定不同干燥温度下种子的含水率;利用蔡司体式显微镜,获得不同温度和含水率种子干燥后应力裂纹形态图像,判定其干燥损伤;开展干燥后种子电导率、超氧歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)及发芽率试验测定,考察种子活力。由显微镜采集图像显示:温度引起的应力裂纹多由种子底部向胚根位延伸,干燥温度为55℃,含水率为10%时,种子破损程度最严重;干燥过程种子SOD活性值呈缓慢下降趋势,说明花生种子具有热稳定性;干燥温度为35~45℃时,种子电导率呈下降趋势,种子表现出更好的活力,种子发芽率相对提高了1.1%~7.2%;且干燥温度为45℃,含水率为11%时种子活力最高,发芽率为97.5%。本研究结果可为花生种子加工工艺提供参考。In order to explore the effect of hot air drying on the vigor of peanut seeds, the hot air drying experiment of peanut seeds was carried out to investigate the vigor of seeds after drying under different drying temperatures(35~55 ℃) and different moisture content(10%~12%).The direct drying method was used to measure the moisture content of seeds under different drying temperatures.The morphological images of stress cracks were obtained by means of a type microscope and the damage of the dried seeds was determined.The electrical conductivity, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and germination rate of dried seeds were determined to investigate the vigor of seeds.The images collected by the microscope showed that the stress cracks caused by temperature mostly extended from the bottom of seeds to the radicle position.When the drying temperature was 55 ℃ and water content was 10%,the damage d egree of seeds was the most serious.The SOD activity of peanut seeds decreased slowly during drying, which indicated that peanut seeds had thermal stability.When the drying temperature was 35~45 ℃,the electrical conductivity of seeds decreased, the seeds showed better vigor, and the germination rate of seeds increased by 1.1%~7.2%.When the drying temperature was 45 ℃,seeds with 11% water content had the highest vigor and germination rate reached 97.5%.This study can provide reference for peanut seed processing technology.

关 键 词：热风干燥 花生种子 裂纹 种子活力 超氧歧化酶(SOD) 

分 类 号：S32[农业科学—作物遗传育种]