贵州威宁小河边剖面早三叠世奥伦尼克期双壳类化石及其指示意义  

Early Triassic Olenekian bivalve fossils from Xiaohebian Section in Weining of Guizhou Province and their implications

作　　者：黄云飞[1] HUANG Yunfei(School of Geosciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430100

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期13-20,共8页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“华南二叠纪三叠纪之交不同相区双壳类小型化研究”(41502012)。

摘　　要：二叠纪-三叠纪之交生物大灭绝后,双壳类演化较为迅速,以Claraia和Eumorphotis的繁盛为特征。双壳类在经历了漫长的残存-复苏期后,直到中三叠世安尼期才完全复苏。近年的研究指示,双壳类在早三叠世晚期已经进入快速复苏的阶段,然而华南地区早三叠世晚期的双壳类化石报道较少,限制了对双壳类复苏过程的理解和认识。本研究从贵州威宁小河边剖面永宁镇组底部采集到100多枚双壳类化石,经鉴定共6属9种,包括Pteria sp.,Crittendenia sp.,Eumorphotis kittli,E.telleri,Entolium discites,Neoschizodus laevigatus,N.ovata,Unionites fassaensis和U.canalensis等,其中以Pteria sp.,Neoschizodus laevigatus和Entolium discites数量较多,可归纳为Entolium discites带,其时代为早三叠世奥伦尼克期Spathian亚期,可以作为双壳类在早三叠世晚期快速复苏的例证。After the biological mass extinction at the turn of the Permian-Triassic, bivalves evolved more rapidly, characterized by the flourishing of Claraia and Eumorphotis. After a long period of residual recovery, the bivalves did not fully recover until the Middle Triassic Annian. Recent studies have shown that bivalves have entered a stage of rapid recovery in the late Early Triassic. However, there are few reports on bivalve fossils in the late Early Triassic in South China, which limits the understanding of the recovery process of bivalves.In this study, over 100 bivalve fossils were collected from the bottom of the Yongningzhen Formation in the Xiaohebian section in Weining of Guizhou Province. A total of 6 genera and 9 species were identified, including Pteria sp.,Crittendenia sp.,Eumorphotis kittli, E.telleri, Entolium discites, Neoschizodus laevigatus, N.ovata, Unionites fassaensis and U.canalensis, among which Pteria sp., Neoschizodus laevigatus and Entolium discites are abundant, which can be summarized as the Entolium discites zone. The age of Neoschizodus laevigatus and Entolium discites is the Early Triassic Olenekian Spathian substage, which can be used as an example of the rapid recovery of bivalves in the late Early Triassic.

关 键 词：早三叠世 双壳类 奥伦尼克期 生物复苏 威宁 

分 类 号：P52[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]