模拟过载对猕猴眼压及视神经的影响  

Effect of Simulated Hypergravity on Intraocular Pressure and Optic Nerve in Macaques

作　　者：贾蕤 郭立国[3] 聂闯 李雨心 宋飞龙 夏丽萍 马红磊[3] 任逸 罗灵 JIA Rui;GUO Liguo;NIE Chuang;LI Yuxin;SONG Feilong;XIA Liping;MA Honglei;Ren Yi;LUO Ling(Medical School of Chinese PLA,Beijing 100853,China;Strategic Support Force Medical Center,Beijing 100101,China;China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军医学院,北京100853 [2]中国人民解放军战略支援部队特色医学中心,北京100101 [3]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094 [4]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院,北京100020

出　　处：《载人航天》2023年第1期88-94,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天领域预先研究项目(020101)。

摘　　要：针对航天返回段过载环境可能对眼造成不利影响的问题,研究模拟过载对猕猴眼压及视神经的影响。12只猕猴分为A组和B组,每组6只。采用离心机模拟嫦娥号、阿波罗号过载曲线,A组以卧姿、B组以躺姿分别进行13 G和15 G重力模拟过载,2次过载暴露间隔24 h。于13 G过载前(基线)、13 G过载后、15 G过载前、后应用iCare手持式回弹眼压计测量眼压、离体UBM观察房角结构、HE染色观察小梁网及视神经改变。结果显示:与基线眼压相比,A组和B组13 G、15 G过载后眼压均下降(P<0.001,P<0.05),B组降低幅度小于A组;13 G与15 G过载后两组之间眼压降低幅度均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组有1只猕猴双眼出现眼压异常升高伴睫状充血等急性高眼压症状,离体UBM未观察到前房变浅及房角狭窄等异常,HE染色未发现小梁网异常;短暂眼压升高未发现视神经形态有明显异常变化。过载可能导致个别眼压异常升高,短暂过载对猕猴视神经未发现明显影响。Aiming at the problem that hypergravity environment may have adverse effects on the eyes during the reentry of spacecraft,the effects of simulated spaceflight hypergravity on macaque intraocular pressure(IOP)and optic nerve were investigate.Twelve macaques were equally divided into group A and group B,with 6 macaques in each group.The centrifuge was used to simulate the hypergravity curves of Chang’e and Apollo spacecraft.In group A,the macaques were treated with 13 G and 15 G simulated hypergravity in supine position,while in group B the subjects were treated with 13 G and 15 G simulated hypergravity in lying position.The interval between the two hypergravity treatments was 24 hours.Before 13 G hypergravity(baseline)and 15 G hypergravity,after 13 G hypergravity and after 15 G hypergravity,Icare rebound tonometer was used to measure IOP,UBM was used to observe the angle structure,and HE staining was used to observe the changes of trabecular meshwork and optic nerve.Compared with the baseline IOP,the IOP in group A and group B decreased after 13 G and 15 G hypergravity(P<0.001,P<0.05),and the reduction in group B was smaller than that in group A.In group B,the IOP of one of the macaque increased abnormally with acute ocular hypertension symptoms such as ciliary hyperemia,however,no changes of angle structure were observed in UBM and no abnormal changes of trabecular meshwork were found in HE staining.No obvious abnormal changes of optic nerve were found during transient IOP rise in HE staining.In the simulated spaceflight hypergravity environment,hypergravity may cause abnormal rise of individual IOP;ephemeral hypergravity has no obvious effect on macaque optic nerve.

关 键 词：过载 眼压 视神经 小梁网 

分 类 号：R775.9[医药卫生—眼科]