一种典型的煤岩冲击破坏的微震前兆模式  

A Typical Microseismic Precursor Model of Coal-rock Impact Failure

作　　者：刘泉伸 王普 丁希阳 柳研青 张中腾 陈文韬 LIU Quanshen;WANG Pu;DING Xiyang;LIU Yanqing;ZHANG Zhongteng;CHEN Wentao(College of Resources,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Tai'an 271019,China;Baodian Coal Mine,Yanzhou Energy Group Co,Ltd,Jining 273513,China;Wenshang Yiqiao Coal Mine Group Co,Ltd,Jining 272500,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学资源学院,山东泰安271019 [2]汶上义桥煤矿有限责任公司,山东济宁272500 [3]兖矿能源公司鲍店煤矿,山东济宁273513

出　　处：《灾害学》2023年第1期200-205,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52104092);山东省自然科学基金项(ZR2020QE120)。

摘　　要：基于跃进煤矿23130工作面硬顶板破裂诱发的强岩爆灾害的微震监测结果,发现了典型的煤岩岩爆破坏的MS效应规律,即“前兆冲击-静期-主震”模式。通过小波去噪和傅里叶变换,详细揭示了岩爆不同阶段的MS频谱演化规律。研究结果表明:岩爆破坏前,前兆MS信号的优势频率开始下降,中心频率小于25 Hz;频谱分布呈单峰型,振幅较大。静期MS信号幅值突然减小,同时大量微裂缝压裂产生的高频分量开始明显增加,频谱分布呈现多峰型;这一阶段被称为静储能阶段,大量的弹性应变能开始在煤岩材料中积累。当煤岩材料中累积的总弹性能达到极限储存能时,触发岩爆,且主震信号的中心频率小于10Hz,同时振幅达到峰值,通过煤岩组合试样变形,断裂和岩爆破坏的MS效应实验,验证了岩爆现场实测结论,该研究结论为利用MS监测系统进行岩爆危险性评价和预警提供了有益的尝试。Based on microseismic(MS)monitoring results of a strong rockburst disaster induced by hard roof fracture in 23130 working face of Yuejin coal mine,a typical MS effect rule of coal and rock rockburst failure is found,that is“precursor shock-quiet period-mainshock”model.By wavelet de-noising method and the Fourier transform,the MS frequency-spectrum evolution laws of different stages of rockburst are revealed in detail.Research results show that:(1)The predominant frequency of precursory MS signals began to decrease before rockburst failure and the center frequency was less than 25 Hz.The frequency-spectrum distribution showed a single-peak type and the higher amplitude.(2)In the quiet period,the amplitude of MS signals reduced suddently,the high-frequency components produced simultaneously by lots of micro-fissure fracturing began to increase obviously,and the frequency-spectrum distribution showed a multi-peak type.This period is called as a quiet storage energy stage,a great number of elastic strain energy began to accumulate in coal and rock materials.(3)When the total accumulated elastic energy in coal and rock material reached to the limit storage energy,rockburst was triggered,and the center frequency of mainshock signals was less than 10 Hz,simultaneously the amplitude reached to the peak value.By MS effect experiments of combined coal and rock samples deformation,fracture and rockburst failure,the testing results verified the on-situ measured conclusions of rockburst.This research conclusion will provide a useful effort for evaluating and warning rockburst danger with MS monitoring system.

关 键 词：煤岩冲击 岩爆 前兆效应 前震-静周期-主震 频谱演化 煤矿 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5