145例少牙多牙症的回顾性研究  

Retrospective study of concomitant hypodontia and hyperdontia in 145 subjects

作　　者：邱芬芳 孟姗 胡文文[1] Qiu Fenfang;Meng Shan;Hu Wenwen(Dept.of Pediatric Dentistry,The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou Stomatological Hospital,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属口腔医院·苏州口腔医院儿童口腔科,苏州215000

出　　处：《华西口腔医学杂志》2023年第1期67-72,共6页West China Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：苏州市科技发展计划(医疗卫生科技创新)项目(SYSD2020069,SKJY2021024)。

摘　　要：目的 应用曲面体层技术探讨少牙多牙症(CHH)的发生率和临床特征。方法 收集2019年1月—2021年5月就诊的41 648例儿童口腔科患者的曲面体层片,纳入CHH患者145例,观察记录CHH的发生情况。应用SPSS 24.0软件统计分析所得的数据。结果 CHH的发生率为0.35%(145/41 648),男性(102例)多于女性(43例),性别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。恒牙先天缺失特征:缺失1~2颗为主;最好发下颌侧切牙和下颌第二前磨牙;下颌恒牙先天缺失多于上颌恒牙先天缺失,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);左侧先天缺失与右侧先天缺失差异无统计学意义(P=0.84)。多生牙特征:数目1~2颗;多见于上颌前牙区;多为圆锥形;垂直倒置生长和垂直正位生长为主。结论 CHH是一种少见的混合牙齿数目异常,男性多于女性,恒牙先天缺失和多生牙的特征与单独发生的恒牙先天缺失/多生牙的特征相似,建议早期诊断和多学科治疗。Objective This study aims to investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of concomitant hypodontia and hyperdontia(CHH) by performing panoramic radiographs. Methods A total of 41 648 panoramic radiographs of pediatric patients who were admitted to the hospitals from January 2019 to May 2021 were reviewed, and 145CHH patients were included in the study. The presence of CHH was recorded. SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of CHH was 0.35%(145/41 648). Males(102 cases) were obviously more than females(43 cases), and the difference between genders was statistically significant(P<0.001). The features of congenital permanent tooth loss in this group were predominantly 1 and 2 teeth missing and preferably mandibular lateral incisors and mandibular second premolars missing. The incidence of congenital permanent teeth loss was higher in the mandible than in the maxilla(P<0.001), but no difference was found in the distribution between left and right(P=0.84). The features of supernumerary teeth in this group were 1 and 2 teeth, mostly in the maxillary anterior area, mostly conical, mostly vertical inversion and orthotopic growth. Conclusion CHH is a rare mixed numeric dental anomaly characterized by congenital missing teeth and supernumerary teeth occurring in the same individual. CHH cases are higher in men than in women. The characteristics of their hypodontia and hyperdontia are similar to those of patients with congenital permanent tooth absence or supernumerary teeth. Early diagnosis of the condition and a multidisciplinary approach for management of such case is recommended.

关 键 词：少牙多牙症 先天缺牙 多生牙 牙齿数目异常 曲面体层片 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学]