微波耦合四能级原子系统二维电磁感应光栅  

Two-dimensional Electromagnetically Induced Grating in Microwave Coupled Four-level Atomic System

作　　者：夏红铭 张多 李亚骞 孙照宇 王梅 XIA Hongming;ZHANG Duo;LI Yaqian;SUN Zhaoyu;WANG Mei(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430023

出　　处：《光子学报》2023年第1期171-180,共10页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.11675124,12105210);武汉轻工大学校立科研项目(No.2021Y36)。

摘　　要：提出一种利用微波场在四能级原子系统中实现二维电磁感应光栅的理论研究方案,此原子系统中两个偶极禁戒的亚稳态之间采用微波场来耦合。分析了微波场存在与否对弱探测场夫琅禾费衍射图样的影响。讨论了有微波场存在时,探测场失谐量、控制场强度、相互作用长度等对二维电磁感应光栅衍射效率的影响。结果表明,通过合适地调节系统参数,在所研究的系统中可以实现高衍射效率的二维电磁感应光栅。该方案可应用于全光分束和光开关,对光信息处理及光网络通信研究有一定帮助。Due to the limitations of traditional gratings, researchers began to look for new methods to fabricate gratings. In recent years, some interesting physical phenomena such as coherent population trapping, electromagnetically induced transparency, spontaneously generated coherence have attracted great attenton. If the standing wave field in the form of spatial modulation is replaced by the traveling wave field in the electromagnetically induced transparency effect, alternating high transmission regions and high absorption regions can be generated. The incident probe light diffracts after passing through the standing wave region, forming a grating-like structure which is named electromagnetically induced grating.Compared with traditional gratings, electromagnetically induced grating shows many advantages. For example, the amplitude and phase can be modulated simultaneously, and the grating constant, diffraction energy and diffraction order can be changed by adjusting the wavelength of the standing wave field, the intensity and detuning of the incident light fields. The concept of electromagnetically induced grating is first proposed theoretically in the three-level Λ-type atomic system. Subsequently, researchers experimentally observe and study the electromagnetically induced grating in cold atomic and hot atomic system successively. In order to improve the diffraction efficiency, more schemes have been proposed to realize electromagnetic induction grating in different atomic system, semiconductor quantum well and quantum dot system, and Rydberg atomic system, etc. In recent years, the research about electromagnetically induced grating has gradually developed to two-dimensional space. By using two orthogonal standing wave fields, two-dimensional electromagnetically induced cross grating can be realized in a tripod four-level atomic system. And some other researchers have then studied the electromagnetically induced grating in different two-level, three-level and four-level atomic system. In addition, P-T symmetry,

关 键 词：电磁感应光栅 微波场 相位调制 衍射效率 驻波激光场 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]