不同类型防护手套减振效果和灵巧性分析  

Vibration attenuation and dexterity of different types of protective gloves

作　　者：肖斌[1] 蒋雍建 温薇[1] 郭建宇 严茂胜[1] 徐国勇[1] 何智鹏 林瀚生 晏华[1] XIAO Bin;JIANG Yongjian;WEN Wei;GUO Jianyu;YAN Maosheng;XU Guoyong;HE Zhipeng;LIN Hansheng;YAN Hua(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment/Institute of Physical Factors and Occupational Health,Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,物理因素监测所/广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2022年第11期1214-1219,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2019177,A2020341,A2022062)。

摘　　要：[背景]佩戴减振手套是一种简单且行之有效的预防手臂振动病的手段。由于振动作业的类型不同,对佩戴的减振手套要求存在差异。[目的]研究不同类型防护手套的减振效果和灵巧性,为振动作业人群科学佩戴减振手套提供依据。[方法]采取典型抽样方法,选择广东省28家企业的接振工人使用的9种防护手套(A、B主要材质为浸胶,C、D、E为橡胶,F、G为纺织纤维,H为棉纱,I为皮革)作为研究对象,调查与测量防护手套的基本参数,依据ISO 10819:2013采用手套振动传递率测试系统测试受试者佩戴不同防护手套的振动传递率,分析减振特征频谱,采用明尼苏达手灵巧度试验的放置试验测试灵巧度。采用Pearson相关分析对手套厚度、振动传递率、灵巧性指数和握力指数之间的相关性进行分析。[结果]橡胶型手套(C、D、E)中、低频段的校正振动传递率平均值■和高频段的校正振动传递率平均值■均小于其他类型手套(分别为0.89~0.91和0.59~0.80),50~200 Hz频段的振动传递率为0.81~0.97,315~1250 Hz频段的振动传递率随着频率增加而下降(最小为0.13);其他类型手套(A、B、F、G、H、I)■分别为0.95~0.98和1.03~1.11,50~200 Hz频段的振动传递率为0.96~1.02,400~1250 Hz频段的振动传递率呈现增高趋势(最大为1.29)。双层防护材料的橡胶型手套(C、D、E)的■以及40~1250 Hz频段的振动传递率较单层防护材料均有明显下降,但其他类型双层材料的手套(F、H、I)的■仍分别大于0.9和大于1.0,25~200 Hz频段的振动传递率较单层防护材料无明显变化(0.91~1.06),250~630 Hz频段的振动传递率增高(最大为1.22)。浸胶型手套(A、B)灵巧性指数和握力指数最小,橡胶型手套C灵巧性和握力指数最大。防护手套厚度与振动传递率呈负相关,与灵巧性指数、握力指数均呈正相关(P<0.05),振动传递率与灵巧性指数、握力指数呈负相关(P<0.05)。[结论]9种手[Background]Wearing anti-vibration gloves is a simple and effective way to prevent hand-arm vibration disease.The requirements for vibration damping gloves are varied by types of operations exposed to vibration.[Objective]To study the vibration attenuation and dexterity of different types of protective gloves,and to provide reference for scientific wearing of vibration damping gloves for people working with vibration exposure.[Methods]Nine kinds of common protective gloves(A and B were dipping gloves;C,D,and E were rubber gloves;F and G were textile and fabric gloves;H was cotton gloves;I was leather gloves)used by worke rs exposed to vibration in 28 fa ctories in Guangdong Province we re selected protective gloves were investigated and measured.According to ISO 10819:2013,a glove vibration transmissibility(GVT)test system was used to detect the vibration transmissibility values and analyze vibration attenuation characteristics of the subjects wearing different protective gloves.The dexterity was tested by Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test.Pearson test was used to analyze the correlations among glove thickness,vibration transmissibility,dexterity score,and grip strength score.[Results]For rubber gloves(C,D,and E),the associated average adjusted vibration transmissibility at middle and low frequencies■and average adjusted vibration transmissibility at high frequency■were lower than those of other gloves(0.89-0.91 and 0.59-0.80 respectively),the vibration transmissibility values of 50-200 Hz frequency band was 0.81-0.97,and the vibration transmissibility values of 315-1250 Hz frequency band decreased with the increase of frequency(the minimum value was 0.13).For other types of gloves(A,B,F,G,H,and I),the■were 0.95-0.98 and 1.03-1.11 respectively,the vibration transmissibility values of 50-200 Hz frequency band was0.96-1.02,and the vibration transmissibility values of 400-1250 Hz frequency band increased(the maximum value was 1.29).The■and vibration transmissibility values of 40-1250 Hz frequency band of rubbe

关 键 词：手传振动 手臂振动病 手套 振动传递率 灵巧性 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]