黑色素沉积相关基因在丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌骨鸡胸肌和腿肌中的表达分析  

Expression of Melanin Deposition-related Gene in Breast Muscle and Leg Muscle of Silky Fowls and Yugan Black-bone Chickens

作　　者：章明[1] 屠云洁[1] 邹剑敏[1] 姬改革[1] 刘一帆[1] 巨晓军 单艳菊[1] 束婧婷[1] ZHANG Ming;TU Yunjie;ZOU Jianmin;JI Gaige;LIU Yifan;JU Xiaojun;SHAN Yanju;SHU Jingting(Key Lab of Poultry Genetics and Breeding in Jiangsu Province,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science,Yangzhou,Key Lab for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources(Poultry)of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jiangsu 225125)

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏省家禽遗传育种重点实验室,农业农村部畜禽资源(家禽)评价利用重点实验室,江苏扬州225125

出　　处：《中国家禽》2023年第1期9-15,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：扬州市现代农业项目(YZ2021029);江苏省农业自主创新基金项目(CX(21)2011-1);江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS[2021]107)。

摘　　要：试验旨在分析黑色素相关基因在丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌骨鸡中的差异表达。试验测定丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌骨鸡2~17周龄胸肌和腿肌肉色亮度值,比较黑色素相关基因TYR、TYRP1、PMEL和MITF在两种乌骨鸡胸肌和腿肌的差异表达量。结果显示:2周龄时余干乌骨鸡胸、腿肌和丝羽乌骨鸡胸肌肉色亮度值显著小于其他周龄(P<0.05),余干乌骨鸡6周龄胸、腿肌亮度值显著大于6周龄丝羽乌骨鸡(P<0.05),17周龄时丝羽乌骨鸡腿肌亮度值显著大于余17周龄干乌骨鸡(P<0.05);4个基因在2种乌骨鸡2~17周龄的胸肌和腿肌中相对表达量的变化趋势基本一致,2周龄时表达量较高,随后呈现下降趋势。同时黑色素相关基因表达量存在品种效应,2周龄时TYR和TYRP1基因在丝羽乌骨鸡腿肌中表达量较高,17周龄时MITF基因在余干乌骨鸡腿肌中表达量较高。TYR、TYRP1、PMEL和MITF 4个基因在2种乌骨鸡胸肌和腿肌中表达均呈现显著正相关(P<0.05);4个基因表达与2种乌骨鸡肉色亮度值显著负相关(P<0.05),且对黑色素沉积呈现正调控作用。研究表明,在乌色度选种时可以将TYR、TYRP1和MITF基因作为主效基因进行分子标记辅助选择研究,以培育出适合市场需求的乌色度更高的乌骨鸡新品种。The purpose of this experiment was to analyze the differential expression of melanin-related genes in Silky fowls and Yugan black-bone chickens,the brightness value of the breast and leg muscles in Silky fowls and Yugan black-bone chickens was determined from 2 to 17 weeks of age.The differential expression level of melanin-related genes tyrosinase(TYR),tyrosinase-related proteins 1(TYRP1),pre-melanosome protein(PMEL)and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor(MITF)in the breast and leg muscles of the two black-bone chickens was compared.The results showed that the brightness value of breast muscle and leg muscle in Yugan black-bone chicken and Silky fowls at 2 weeks of age was significantly lower than that in other weeks of age(P<0.05).The brightness value of breast muscle and leg muscle in Yugan black bone chickens at 6 weeks of age was significantly higher than that in Silky fowls(P<0.05).The brightness value of leg muscle in Silky fowls at 17 weeks of age was significantly higher than that in Yugan black-bone chicken(P<0.05).The relative expression trends of the four genes in the breast and leg muscles of the two black-bone chickens from 2 to 17 weeks of age were basically the same.The expression levels were higher at 2 weeks of age,and then showed a downward trend.At the same time,there was a black bone chicken breeds effect on the expression of melanin-related genes.The expression levels of TYR and TYRP1 genes were higher in the leg muscle of the silky at 2 weeks of age,and the MITF expression level gene was higher in the leg muscle of Yugan black bone chickens at 17 weeks of age.The expression level of the four genes in the breast and leg muscles of the two black bone chickens was significantly positively correlated(P<0.05).The expression of 4 genes was significantly negatively correlated with the meat color lightness value L^(*)of 2 kinds of black-bone chickens,and showed a positive regulation effect on melanin deposition.In summary,TYR,TYRP1 and MITF genes could be used as the main genes for furth

关 键 词：乌骨鸡 黑色素 基因表达 乌色度 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]