政府补贴、企业创新模式与出口复杂度  

Government subsidies,enterprise innovation models and export complexity

作　　者：关书 成力为[2] 许丽丽 Guan Shu;Cheng Liwei;Xu Lili(School of Maritime Economics and Management,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China;School of Economics and Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]大连理工大学经济管理学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《科研管理》2023年第1期48-55,共8页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:“非对称开放下产品质量提升的路径选择与研发政策组合研究——基于产品空间理论视角”(71974026,2019.08—2022.07);国家社会科学基金项目:“中国高铁运营风险评估、市场化改革路径与配套政策研究”(21BJY264,2021.09—2024.12)。

摘　　要：企业出口复杂度的提升是解决我国现阶段关键核心技术“卡脖子”问题的关键,也是我国政府积极推行产业政策的目标之一。本文基于世界贸易数据、中国工业企业数据库与海关数据库,测算中国企业层面出口复杂度,并在此基础上,验证了政府补贴、企业创新模式与出口复杂度之间的关系。结果发现,总体上政府补贴对企业自主创新与模仿创新都存在明显的激励作用,而补贴的激励作用存在明显的行业异质性,随着行业技术水平提高,补贴更倾向于激励企业模仿创新行为。对于技术密集型企业,政府补贴主要通过激励模仿创新提升企业出口复杂度。本文结论肯定了政府补贴在促进企业技术升级与结构转型方面的积极作用,深化了对于补贴促进企业出口复杂度基本规律的认识,对于助力我国尽快摆脱关键核心技术“卡脖子”的困境,明确我国产业政策进一步的调整方向具有启示意义。As the world enters a new state characterized by science and technology competition, China needs to get rid of the dilemma that some core technological products are controlled by other countries as soon as possible. How to break through the technological blockade of developed countries and learn the production skills of the core products is the top priority for China to enhance overall national strength and boost international competitiveness. The similarity between the core products and highly complex products in the product space theory opens up a new research perspective. In the product space theory, products come from a combination of non-tradable and irreplaceable production capabilities in the economic system. The essence of China′s "neck-jamming" problem on key core components is the lack of those key core production capabilities, with which developed countries are normally endowed. The monopoly of products is actually the monopoly of production capabilities. It is very important for China to accelerate the accumulation of production capabilities, improve the similarity between existing capabilities and key core capabilities, and complete the migration and diffusion of capabilities to break away from the "neck-jamming" dilemma. As the core driving force of economic growth, innovation is also a key factor for companies to enhance their competitiveness and increase export complexity. Although developing countries can gain late-comer advantages by introducing or imitating advanced technologies from developed countries and narrowing the economic development gap with developed countries, as for pursuit of high-quality economic development, the traditional imitating innovation model has strategic deficiencies at the institutional and mechanism level and it is unable to gather limited ability endowment resources to promote industrial overall innovation and systemic innovation.From the perspective of enterprise innovation performance and government-funded resource input. This paper firstly empirically analyzes t

关 键 词：政府补贴 企业出口复杂度 自主创新 模仿创新 

分 类 号：F270.3[经济管理—企业管理]