中国成人自报结直肠癌患者生活方式研究  

Lifestyle study of Chinese adults with self-reported colorectal cancer

作　　者：胡亚男 王秋童 何凤蝶 王丹 杨晓莹[2] 王丽敏 王宝华[2] HU Ya-nan;WANG Qiu-tong;HE Feng-die;WANG Dan;YANG Xiao-ying;WANG Li-min;WANG Bao-hua(Department of School of Public Health,China Medical University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110122,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学公共卫生学院,辽宁沈阳110122 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心重点慢病防控实验室,北京100050 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2023年第2期279-282,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1302600)。

摘　　要：目的 分析中国成人结直肠癌患者生活方式,为结直肠癌防控提供依据。方法 数据来源于2015年中国慢性病和危险因素监测,在31个省级行政区的298个县(区)中进行多阶段整群随机抽样和现场调查数据库。本研究通过SAS统计学软件进行数据处理、描述和分析,采用描述性分析、χ^(2)检验、多因素非条件logistic回归模型进行统计分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 共获得108 665份癌症自报有效问卷,其中自报结直肠癌患者118例,男性65例,女性53例,自报率分别为128.45/10万和91.28/10万。45岁及以上、城市、无配偶等人群中结直肠癌自报率较高(均P<0.05)。调整性别、年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况、家庭年收入等混杂因素后,多因素logistic分析结果显示,蔬菜摄入充足(OR=0.758,95%CI:0.748~0.767)、水果摄入充足(OR=0.391,95%CI:0.388~0.395)是结直肠癌患病的保护因素(均P<0.05);吸烟(OR=3.707,95%CI:3.672~3.742)、饮酒(OR=1.198,95%CI:1.189~1.206)是结直肠癌患病的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论 蔬菜、水果摄入是结直肠癌患病的保护因素,吸烟、饮酒是结直肠癌患病的危险因素,建议居民健康饮食,保证蔬菜、水果的充足摄入,改变吸烟、饮酒等不良生活习惯,以降低结直肠癌的患病风险。Objective To analyse the lifestyle of Chinese adult colorectal cancer patients, thereby providing the basis for colorectal cancer prevention and control. Methods The data were obtained from the database of multi-stage cluster random sampling and field survey conducted in 298 counties(districts) of 31 provincial administrative regions under the monitoring of chronic diseases and risk factors in China in 2015. This study used SAS statistical software to clean up, describe and analyse the data and adopted the descriptive analysis χ^(2) test and multivariate unconditional logistic regression statistical methods. Results A total of 108 665 valid self-reported cancer questionnaires were obtained, including 118 patients with self-reported colorectal cancer, 65 males and 53 females. The prevalence rates were 128.45/100 000 and 91.28/100 000. The prevalence of colorectal cancer was higher amongst over 45 years old, cities, mateless(all P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, education level, marital status and annual family income, the results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that adequate intake of vegetables(OR=0.758, 95% CI: 0.748-0.767) and fruits(OR=0.391, 95% CI: 0.388-0.395) were the protective factors of colorectal cancer(all P<0.05). By contrast, smoking(OR=3.707, 95% CI: 3.672-3.742) and drinking(OR=1.198, 95% CI: 1.189-1.206) were the risk factors of colorectal cancer(all P<0.05). Conclusion The intake of vegetables and fruits is a protective factor for colorectal cancer. Smoking and drinking are risk factors for colorectal cancer. It is recommended that residents eat healthy food, ensure adequate intake of vegetables and fruits, and change bad habits such as smoking and drinking to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.

关 键 词：结直肠癌 蔬菜摄入 水果摄入 吸烟 饮酒 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R735.3[医药卫生—肿瘤] R730.231[医药卫生—临床医学]