酶促水解木质纤维素高值转化研究现状  

Current status of high-value conversion of lignocellulose by enzymatic hydrolysis

作　　者：李家琦 邓佳钦 朱艺 陆强 李辉 LI Jiaqi;DENG Jiaqin;ZHU Yi;LU Qiang;LI Hui(School of Resources and Environment,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei,China;State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource,Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]中国教育部油气资源勘探技术重点实验室(长江大学),湖北武汉430100 [3]湖南省林业科学院省部共建木本油料资源利用国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2023年第1期115-122,共8页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52100185);湖南省林业科技创新资金项目(XLKY202209);长沙市科技计划项目(kq2106087、kq2106088);湖南创新型省份建设专项(2021RC2100、2021SK2040、2019SK2191)。

摘　　要：酶促水解木质纤维素转化为高值化学品具有重要的研究价值和发展潜力,对能源结构调整、资源高效利用、环境持续友好、经济高质量发展具有重大意义。本文对当前木质纤维素转化为高值化学品的发展背景和研究现状进行了综述,列举了典型的酶促产物转化为高值化学品的应用案例,并结合具体研究实例阐述了酶促水解木质纤维素过程中运用的新技术和取得的突破性成果。酶促水解作为一种新兴的生物技术,在实际应用过程中还存在着木质纤维素抵抗性强、可用酶制剂种类有限、酶促水解过程易受干扰、工艺成本较高等限制因素,未来需要通过优化木质纤维素预处理工艺,利用基因工程生产类型多样、性能优异的酶制剂,改良升级酶促水解工艺,研发新设备和新技术等手段来突破现有瓶颈,实现酶促水解木质纤维素转化为高值化学品的规模化高效化应用。The enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose into high-value chemicals has important research value and development potential, which is of great significance for the adjustment of energy structure, efficient utilization of resources, sustainable friendly environment, and high-quality economic development. In this paper, the current development background and research status of lignocellulosic conversion into high-value chemicals were reviewed. The typical application cases of enzymatic product conversion into high-value chemicals were listed, while the new technologies and breakthroughs achieved in the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose were illustrated with specific examples. As an emerging biotechnology, enzymatic hydrolysis has limitations in practical application such as strong resistance to lignocellulose, restriction of available enzymes, susceptibility of enzymatic hydrolysis process to interference, and high process cost, etc. In the future, we need to break through the existing bottlenecks by optimizing the pretreatment process, producing enzymes with multiple types and excellent performance by genetic engineering, improving and upgrading the enzymatic hydrolysis process, developing new equipment and new technologies to realize the large-scale and efficient application of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose into high-value chemicals.

关 键 词：木质纤维素 酶促水解 高值化学品 

分 类 号：Q814.9[生物学—生物工程]