基于三维激光扫描的金属基航空模线样板自动检测算法  

Metal Matrix Aircraft Lofting Template Automatic Inspection Algorithm Based on 3D Laser Scanning

作　　者：李红卫 黄淳亮 汪俊[2] LI Hongwei;HUANG Chunliang;WANG Jun(AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.,Xi’an 710089,China;Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司,西安710089 [2]南京航空航天大学,南京210016

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2023年第4期96-103,共8页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划(2019YFB1707504)。

摘　　要：虽然数字化制造已成必然趋势,但在未来很长一个时期内,模线样板依然将在飞机制造中扮演重要角色。如何以先进的数字化技术提升传统模式下的生产效率和质量,是需要认真研究的课题。针对模线样板的检测需求,结合模线样板的几何特征,提出基于三维激光扫描的金属基航空模线样板自动检测算法。对于样板刻线,将样板点云粗栅格化后,根据点云高度信息进行刻线的粗提取,再根据刻线的特性利用法矢信息优化提取结果;对于外形轮廓,将点云转换成二值图像并计算其边缘,实现外形特征提取;将特征提取结果与CAD数模进行配准并去除噪声,最后计算与数模的误差,实现样板检测,输出误差分布。试验结果显示,本文算法在精度和效率上优于现有算法,相较人工检测提升了可靠性和效率,在实际工程中具有应用价值。Although digital manufacturing has become an inevitable trend,the lofting template will still play an important role in aircraft manufacturing.Improving the productivity and quality of traditional mode is a subject that requires careful study.Concerning the problems existing in lofting templates inspection,an automatic inspection algorithm based on three-dimensional laser scanning is proposed.For the scribed line,the point cloud of the template is rasterized,the scribed line is roughly extracted according to the height information,and the extraction result is refined by using normal information according to the characteristics of the scribed line.For the shape contour,the edge is extracted from the binary image converted from the point cloud.The result of extraction is registered with CAD digital model,the noise is removed,and the error distribution is printed out by calculating the error between the digital model and the extraction result.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to the existing algorithm in accuracy and efficiency,which is more reliable and efficient than manual inspection.The proposed method has certain value of application in practical engineering.

关 键 词：航空模线样板 数字化检测 激光扫描 点云处理 刻线提取 

分 类 号：V262[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]