运动行为改变心理前因的扩展:从熟虑到冲动,从认知到情感  

Expansion of Psychological Antecedents of Physical Activity and(or)Exercise Behavior Change:from Reflection to Impulsion and from Cognition to Affection

作　　者：晏宁 郭璐 李英 毛志雄 YAN Ning;GUO Lu;LI Ying;MAO Zhixiong(Center for Psychological Services,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101,China;School of Psychology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Experimental School(Haidian),Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学心理素质教育中心,北京100101 [2]北京体育大学心理学院,北京100084 [3]北京实验学校(海淀),北京100037

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2022年第11期1-11,共11页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“人体运动促进健康个性化精准指导方案关键技术研究”(项目编号:2018YFC2000603)。

摘　　要：查阅文献资料,归纳分析了基于认知主义、双过程模型和享乐主义的健康行为研究进展,探讨了启动、维持身体活动不足人群的运动行为的首要影响因素。研究发现,熟虑因素仍是运动行为启动和维持的首要影响因素,但理论的视角已扩展至理性决策之外。非情感的无意识过程对于运动行为的长期坚持具有独特作用。过往运动过程中的即时正向情感体验有助于改善运动行为的依从性,而反复自动重现的情感体验或许可以预测运动行为的长期坚持。未来需同时考虑认知(含外显和内隐)和情感因素对该群体启动、依从和长期坚持运动行为的作用。In this review,we examine the primary antecedents regarding initiation and maintenance of physically inactive individuals’physical activity and(or)exercise behavior by discussing advances in promoting health behavior research based on cognitivism-,dual-process-,and hedonism approach models.Present study suggests that:1)cognitive factors remain the primary factors influencing the initiation and maintenance of physical activity and(or)exercise,but the scope of theories has been expanded.2)Non-affectively non-conscious processes have unique effects on adherence to physical activity and(or)exercise.3)The immediately positive affective experience during previous exercise sessions helps improve compliance with exercise behavior,and affective experience that is repeatedly automatically re-actualized may predict adherence to exercise behaviors.Consequently,the effects of cognitive(both explicit and implicit)and affective determinants on initiation,compliance,and adherence of physically inactive individuals’physical activity and(or)exercise behavior should be considered simultaneously in the future.

关 键 词：身体活动 锻炼 双过程理论 依从 坚持 情感-熟虑理论 行为改变 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]