土壤硒干预与5种作物集硒特性研究  

Research on Soil Selenium Intervention and Accumulation Characteristics of Five Crops

作　　者：杨涛 龙澜[2] 商龙臣 万海英[2] 张驰 向极钎 YANG Tao;LONG Lan;SHANG Long-chen(College of Biological Science and Technology,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi,Hubei 445000;Enshi Tujia&Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Enshi,Hubei 445000)

机构地区：[1]湖北民族大学生物科学与技术学院,湖北恩施445000 [2]恩施州农业科学院,湖北恩施445000 [3]湖北省富硒产业技术研究院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第1期143-146,150,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：武汉市对口帮扶恩施州项目“硒蛋白产业化关键技术研究与应用”(21001)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究不同施硒浓度对5种作物的影响,了解不同作物的硒吸收及积累特性,为筛选适宜大规模种植的硒蛋白原料提供理论依据。[方法]选用油菜、玉米、洋葱、番茄、绿豆分别代表不同科作物进行盆栽试验,以亚硒酸钠为硒源调控土壤基质中的施硒浓度分别达20、40、60、80 mg/kg,同时以不施硒的基质为对照组(CK),培育作物直至开花期,采收其地上部分并测定其硒含量、蛋白含量及蛋白中的硒含量,结合作物生物学产量计算硒积累量与蛋白中硒积累量,从而分析5种作物对硒的吸收与积累情况,并筛选出适合硒蛋白生产的最佳原料。[结果]玉米、洋葱、绿豆、番茄和油菜最佳施硒浓度分别为60、20、60、40、60 mg/kg。在最佳施硒浓度下玉米、洋葱、绿豆、番茄和油菜的蛋白中硒积累量表现为油菜>玉米>番茄>绿豆>洋葱。[结论]与玉米、洋葱、番茄和绿豆相比,油菜的蛋白含量与蛋白硒含量最高,是潜在优良的硒蛋白来源作物,且在施硒浓度为60 mg/kg时表现出最佳的集硒特性。[Objective]To explore the effects of different selenium application concentrations on selenium accumulation in five kinds of crops,so as to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the characteristics of selenium absorption and accumulation in different crops and screening selenium-containing protein extraction materials suitable for large-scale planting.[Method]Rape,corn,onion,tomato,and mung bean were selected to represent crops for pot experiment.Sodium selenite was used as the selenium source to control the soil selenium concentration to reach 20,40,60 and 80 mg/kg,respectively,taking no selenium soil as the control group(CK).The crops were cultivated until the flowering stage.The aerial parts were harvested and the selenium content,protein content and selenium content in protein were determined,and the accumulation of selenium and the accumulation of selenium in protein were calculated in combination with the biological yield of crops,so as to analyze the absorption and accumulation of selenium by five crops,and analyze the selenium accumulation and accumulation of 5 crops.Screen out the best raw material suitable for selenium containing protein production.[Result]The optimum selenium application concentrations for corn,onion,mung bean,tomato and rapeseed were 60,20,60,40 and 60 mg/kg.The relationship between the accumulation of selenium in protein of corn,onion,mung bean,tomato and rapeseed at the optimum selenium application concentration was in the following order:rape>corn>tomato>mung bean>onion.[Conclusion]Compared with corn,onion,tomato and mung bean,rapeseed has the highest protein content and protein selenium content,which is a potential good source of selenium containing protein,and shows the best selenium accumulation characteristics when the selenium concentration is 60 mg/kg.

关 键 词：土壤施硒 集硒特性 硒蛋白 硒 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]