闽育1号小叶萍的选育研究  

Breeding Azolla microphylla Minyu 1

作　　者：郑向丽[1] 王俊宏[1] 徐国忠[1] ZHENG Xiangli;WANG Junhong;XU Guozhong(Agricultural Ecology Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Azolla Germplasm Center,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所/国家红萍资源中心,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2022年第11期1503-1508,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01468);国家绿肥产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-22);福建省农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021010)。

摘　　要：【目的】选育产量高、耐热又耐寒、品质优良和适应性广的红萍新品种。【方法】以母本小叶萍4018和父本细绿萍1001进行种间杂交选育。【结果】选育出红萍新品种闽育1号小叶萍(A.microphylla ‘Minyu.1’),2015年该品种通过全国草品种审定委员会审定。2001–2015年进行品种比较试验、区域试验和生产试验。国家区域试验结果显示:闽育1号小叶萍平均干草产量为88 209 kg·hm^(-2),比对照覆瓦状萍500(34 146 kg·hm(-2))平均增产158.3%,差异极显著(P<0.01);比父本细绿萍1001(67398kg·hm^(-2))平均增产30.9%,差异极显著(P<0.01);比母本小叶萍4018(71 738 kg·hm^(-2))平均增产23.0%,差异极显著(P<0.01),表现出很好的丰产性和稳产性。该品种干物质营养成分含量为粗蛋白26.3%、粗脂肪16.0%、粗纤维11.2%、粗灰分13.6%、酸性洗涤纤维36.9%、中性洗涤纤维50.3%。【结论】该品种具有繁殖快、产量高以及较强的抗寒抗热性,全国各地均可生长,适宜生长温度10~30℃,可作为鱼、牛、猪、鸡、鸭、鹅等动物的青饲料,亦可作为稻田的水生绿肥。【 Objective】 A new high-quality, high-yield, heat-and cold-tolerant Azolla with broad-adaptability was bred.【Method】 Minyu 1 was bred by interspecies crossing male parent A. filiculoides 1001 and female parent A. microphylla4018. 【Result】 After being screened at the variety comparison test and the regional and field trials conducted from 2001 to2015, Minyu 1 was registered by the Chinese Herbage Cultivar Registration Board in 2015. It demonstrated an average hay yield of 88 209 kg·hm^(-2), which was significantly 158.3% higher than 34 146 kg·hm^(-2) exhibited by the reference variety, A.imbricata 500, 30.9% significantly higher than that of the parent, A. filiculoides 1001, at 67 398 kg·hm^(-2), and 30.9%significantly higher than that of the parent, A. microphylla 4018, at 71 738 kg·hm^(-2)(P<0.01). It was also stable in maintaining the high yield performance. The nutritional content(dry matters) of Minyu 1 included 26.3% of crude protein, 16.0% of crude fat, 11.2% of crude fiber, 13.6% of crude ash, 36.9% of acidic detergent fiber, and 50.3% of neutral detergent fiber.【Conclusion】 Minyu 1 had a short generation cycle, high yield, and strong cold-and heat-resistance suitable for cultivation in the country. The optimal temperature for its growth was 10-30 ℃. It could be used as green forage for raising fish, cattle,pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, and other animals, or as an aquatic green fertilizer in paddy fields as well.

关 键 词：闽育1号小叶萍 新品种选育 产量 营养成分 

分 类 号：S555[农业科学—作物学]