大蒜联合收获机浮动式夹持装置设计与试验  

Design and Test of Floating Clamping Device for Garlic Combine Harvester

作　　者：侯加林[1,2] 李超 娄伟[1,2] 周凯 李玉华[1,2] 李天华 HOU Jialin;LI Chao;LOU Wei;ZHOU Kai;LI Yuhua;LI Tianhua(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China;Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Intelligence,Taian 271018,China;College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,泰安271018 [2]山东省农业装备智能化工程实验室,泰安271018 [3]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第1期137-145,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-D-01);泰山产业领军人才工程项目和山东省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-05-11)。

摘　　要：针对大蒜联合收获机拉拔收获特点与鳞茎定位要求,为提高输送成功率、降低鳞茎损伤率,设计了一种浮动式夹持装置,阐述了其主要结构与工作机理。通过茎秆受力变形与植株运动分析,明确了试验台浮动轮弹性系数、间距及链条输送速度等关键作业影响参数的取值范围。构建了茎秆流变模型,并根据不同载荷下的茎秆蠕变曲线拟合了茎秆的粘弹性参数,明析了关键作业参数与输送装置夹持力、输送损失及鳞茎损伤的关系。以浮动轮弹性系数、间距及链条输送速度为试验因素,以成功率和损伤率为试验指标,用Design-Expert软件进行试验数据分析,由Origin软件生成3D响应曲面,得到各因素对指标的影响次序。结果表明,当浮动轮弹性系数、间距及链条输送速度分别为2 N/mm、83 mm和520 mm/s时,装置性能最优,夹持成功率和损伤率分别为97.42%和1.36%。对优化因素进行试验验证,试验与优化结果基本一致,满足大蒜联合收获浮动夹持高成功率与低损伤率的作业要求。In order to improve the success rate of conveying and reduce the damage rate of bulb, a floating clamping and conveying device was designed. According to the operation requirements of garlic combine harvester, multiple floating wheels were staggered in the working area and the chain tightness were adjustable, which met the needs of stable clamping. The rheological digital model of garlic stem was established, and the relationship between the key operation parameters on the clamping force of conveying device, conveying loss and bulb damage was analyzed. Taking the elastic coefficient of floating wheel, chain conveying speed and floating wheel spacing as test factors and the success rate and damage rate as test indicators, the test data were analyzed by Design-Expert software and the 3D response surface diagram was generated. The text results showed that when the elastic coefficient of floating wheel, chain conveying speed and floating wheel spacing were 2 N/mm, 520 mm/s and 83 mm, the performance of the device was the best, and the success rate and damage rate were 97.42% and 1.36%. The optimization results were verified by tests, and the verification results were basically consistent with the optimization results. The research results could provide a technical reference for further exploring the technology of garlic combine harvester and floating clamping conveyor.

关 键 词：大蒜联合收获机 浮动式 夹持装置 流变模型 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]