母鼠长期高脂饮食及运动干预对雄性子代能量代谢的影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Long-Term High-Fat Diet and Exercise Intervention on Energy Metabolism of Male Offspring

作　　者：朱小烽[1] 马云[2] 叶群 ZHU Xiaofeng;MA Yun;YE Qun(Jiaxing University,Jiaxing 314001,China;National Research Institute of Sport Medicine,Beijing 100061,China;Quzhou University,Quzhou 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院,浙江嘉兴314001 [2]国家体育总局运动医学研究所,北京100061 [3]衢州学院,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2023年第2期50-56,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJCZH253);第三期嘉兴学院人文社科青年学术骨干和应用对策研究专项(2020TD02);嘉兴学院儿童发展研究院科研培育项目(20PY3-1)。

摘　　要：目的:构建孕前和孕期高脂饮食与运动干预模型,观察母体长期运动对雄性子代中老年期代谢的遗传保护效应。方法:将3周龄C57BL/6雌性小鼠随机分成3组,普食安静组(standard diet group,SC)、高脂安静组(high-fat diet group,HFD)和高脂运动组(high-fat diet+exercise group,HFD-Ex),孕前和孕期游泳运动干预16周后自然分娩;保留雄性子代小鼠,普食喂养至52周龄;子代在第8、12、24、36和52周进行葡萄糖耐量测试(glucose tolerance test,GTT)和胰岛素耐量测试(insulin tolerance test,ITT),第52周龄时进行能量代谢测试和体成分分析;后处死,提取血清组织,利用悬液芯片对IL-6、insulin、leptin和胃肠激素肽YY等因子进行测定。结果:与普食安静组相比,高脂安静组子代在52周龄时GTT与ITT显著下降、体脂含量显著上升(P<0.05);与高脂安静组相比,高脂运动组子代在夜间运动量、能量消耗等指标上有显著改善(P<0.05),高脂运动组子代血清代谢因子IL-6、insulin和神经肽YY显著改善(P<0.05),leptin指标组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:1)母鼠孕前和孕期高脂饮食导致雄性子代中老年期不良代谢风险增加;2)母鼠孕前和孕期游泳运动可以有效改善雄性子代中老年期能量代谢水平,进而部分抵消生命早期高脂暴露带来的永久性代谢风险。Objective:Building a model of high-fat diet and exercise intervention before and during pregnancy to observe the genetic protective effect of long-term maternal exercise on the metabolism of offspring.Methods:Three-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into 3 groups,the standard diet group(SC group),the high-fat diet group(HFD group)and the high-fat diet+exercise group(HFD-Ex group).Swimming intervention was performed before and during pregnancy,and the offspring was delivered naturally after 16 weeks.Male offspring mice were kept and fed to 52 weeks of age.The progeny underwent glucose tolerance test(GTT)and insulin tolerance test(ITT)tests at weeks of 8,12,24,36,and 52,and energy metabolism tests and body composition analysis at 52 weeks of age.After being sacrificed,serum tissues were extracted,and factors such as IL-6,insulin,leptin,and neuropeptide YY(PYY)were measured using a suspension chip.Results:Compared with the SC group,at 52 weeks old,the progeny of the HFD group significantly declined GTT and ITT,and the body fat content increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the HFD group,the progeny of the HFD-Ex group had significant improvements in the activity and energy expenditure in dark(P<0.05).Compared with the HFD group,the serum metabolic factors IL-6,insulin,and PYY of the progeny in the HFD-Ex group were significantly improved(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the leptin index between the groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:1)The high-fat diet of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy in female mice leads to an increase in the risk of adverse metabolism in male offspring in middle and old age;2)the swimming movements of pre-pregnancy and pregnancies in female mice can effectively improve the energy metabolism level of male offspring in middle and old age,and thus partially offset the permanent metabolic risk brought by high fat exposure in early life.

关 键 词：能量代谢 孕期 体力活动 高脂饮食 子代 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]