不同叶面钙肥对中国樱桃贮藏品质及几种保护酶的影响  

Effects of Different Foliar Calcium Fertilizers on Storage Quality and Several Protective Enzymes of Chinese Cherry

作　　者：杨雪莲[1] 胡小京[1] 吴永飞 明芳艳 彭强 YANG Xuelian;HU Xiaojing;WU Yongfei;MING Fangyan;PENG Qiang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《华北农学报》2022年第S01期231-239,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2018〕2285号;黔科合基础〔2019〕1408)。

摘　　要：为探索中国樱桃果实的耐贮性,减少采后果实腐烂率,延长其贮藏寿命。以中国樱桃黑珍珠为供试材料,于花后7 d喷施不同浓度的CaCl_(2)、氨基酸钙及糖醇钙,研究钙处理对采后果实在贮藏期的内外品质及几种保护酶的影响,并筛选出最适宜黑珍珠樱桃采前喷施的钙肥及其浓度。结果表明:随贮藏时间延长,樱桃果实的硬度、百果质量及可溶性糖(SS)、可滴定酸(TA)、可溶性蛋白(SP)、Vc、β-胡萝卜素含量呈下降变化趋势;腐烂率、相对电导率(REC)及MDA含量呈逐渐增加的变化趋势;可溶性固形物(TSS)含量和SOD、POD、PPO活性呈先上升后下降的变化趋势。贮藏期内各外源钙处理的樱桃果实的营养物质和水分损耗、PPO活性、MDA的积累量均低于CK;而SOD和POD活性均高于CK,叶面钙肥提高了黑珍珠樱桃的耐贮性,延长其贮藏寿命。隶属函数综合评价得出1500倍糖醇钙对果实保鲜效果最佳。采前喷施钙肥能提高樱桃果实的硬度和品质,提高抗氧化酶活性,从而实现延长樱桃贮藏期,1500倍糖醇钙处理对黑珍珠樱桃果实的保鲜效果最佳,可在生产中推广应用。In order to explore the storability of Chinese cherry fruit,reduce the decay rate of post harvest fruit and prolong its storage life.Chinese cherry Black pearl was sprayed with CaCl_(2),amino acid calcium and sugar alcohol calcium after flowering.The internal and external quality of post harvest fruits during storage and several protective enzymes were studied,and the most suitable calcium fertilizer and its concentration were selected.The results showed that:with the extension of storage time,cherry fruit hardness,100 fruit weight,soluble sugar,titratable acid,soluble protein,Vc,β-carotene decreased;the content of MDA and REC increased gradually;the activities of soluble solids,SOD,POD and PPO increased first and then decreased;the nutrient and water loss,PPO activity and MDA accumulation of cherry fruit treated with calcium fertilizer during storage were lower than CK;the activities of SOD and POD were higher than CK.Foliar calcium fertilizer improved the storage resistance of Black pearl cherry.The comprehensive evaluation of membership function showed that 1500 times sugar alcohol calcium had the best effect on fruit preservation.Spraying calcium fertilizer before harvest could improve the hardness,quality and the activity of antioxidant enzymes of cherry fruit,so as to prolong the storage period of cherry.1500 times sugar alcohol calcium can be popularized and applied in production.

关 键 词：黑珍珠樱桃 CaCl_(2) 氨基酸钙 糖醇钙 贮藏性能 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]