辐射法制备淀粉基超级吸水材料及其性能  

Preparation of a starch-based superabsorbent polymer byγ-ray irradiation and investigation of its properties

作　　者：高杨 冯鑫鑫 李林繁[1] 邢哲[1] 李荣[1] 吴国忠[1,3] GAO Yang;FENG Xinxin;LI Linfan;XING Zhe;LI Rong;WU Guozhong(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]上海科技大学物质科学与技术学院,上海200031

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2023年第1期42-49,共8页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：中国科学院上海应用物理研究所重大科技项目“辐射技术在生态环境和健康领域的若干前沿应用研究”资助。

摘　　要：本文以淀粉与丙烯酸单体为主要原料,采用钴-60γ射线共辐射法制得淀粉基超级吸水材料(Super absorbent polymer,SAP)。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱对SAP进行化学结构表征。扫描电镜图显示,SAP颗粒表面含有大量中孔结构。热重分析测试结果表明,SAP较原始淀粉样品的热稳定性有明显提升。吸收剂量、丙烯酸与淀粉的投料比显著影响SAP的吸水性能。通过筛选反应条件,SAP的吸水(去离子水)倍率可达到532 g/g(吸收剂量:20 kGy;交联剂:80 mg/L;淀粉与丙烯酸投料比:1/2)。将SAP负载硝酸钾和磷酸钠,结果表明,SAP能够高效释放负载的离子,磷酸根离子释放率为80%,钾离子为82%。A super absorbent polymer(SAP)was prepared using starch and acrylic acid under exposure to 60Coγ-rays irradiation.The chemical structure of the SAP was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Scanning electron micrographs showed that the surface of the SAP contained numerous mesoporous structures.Thermogravimetric analysis indicated improved thermal stability of the SAP compared to that of the original starch.The absorbed dose and feed ratio of the acrylic acid and starch significantly affected the water absorption performance of the SAP.The water absorption capacity of the SAP was 532 g/g at the optimal conditions(absorbed dose:20 kGy,crosslinking agent:80 mg/L,feed ratio of starch to acrylic acid:1/2).The SAP efficiently released the loaded KNO3or Na3PO4;the release rates were 82%for K+and 80%for PO43-.

关 键 词：超级吸水材料 辐射接枝 淀粉 丙烯酸 

分 类 号：TL13[核科学技术—核能科学]