视网膜损伤:外泌体转录组学的研究进展  

Research advances in the exosome transcriptomics in retinal injury

作　　者：张妍[1] 邵正波[1] ZHANG Yan;SHAO Zhengbo(Department of Ophthalmology,Future Medical Laboratory,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院眼科,哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院未来医学实验室,黑龙江省哈尔滨市150086

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2023年第2期165-168,共4页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81970799,81870654);黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金(编号:LBH-Q18082)。

摘　　要：衰老、缺氧、高糖刺激等多种因素导致的视网膜损伤过程中,外泌体发挥着重要作用。外泌体是一种纳米级的细胞外囊泡,包含微小RNA、环状RNA等多种转录产物,广泛参与视网膜色素上皮细胞损伤、新生血管形成、视网膜神经节细胞和光感受器细胞凋亡等过程。通过转录组学分析外泌体对视网膜损伤及修复的调控机制,识别糖尿病视网膜病变、青光眼等眼科疾病相关分子生物标志物,寻找新的治疗靶点,已成为视网膜研究的热点。因此,本文对外泌体转录组学在视网膜损伤中的研究进展进行综述。Exosomes play an essential role in retinal injury caused by aging,hypoxia,high glucose stimulation and other factors.Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles containing micro ribonucleic acid,circular ribonucleic acid and other transcription products,which are widely involved in the pathological processes of retinal pigment epithelial cell injury,neovascularization,retinal ganglion cell and photoreceptor cell apoptosis.Transcriptome analysis of the regulatory mechanism of exosomes involved in retinal injury and repair,identification of molecular biomarkers related to eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma,and search for new therapeutic targets have become the hotspots of retinal research.Therefore,this review focuses on the research progress of exosome transcriptomics in retinal injury.

关 键 词：转录组学 外泌体 视网膜损伤 视网膜细胞 视网膜血管 

分 类 号：R774[医药卫生—眼科]