选择性透过CO_(2)气体PVA/淀粉膜制备及性能研究  

Preparation and performance of PVA/starch composite membranes with selective permeability of CO_(2)

作　　者：周向阳[1] 林艺冰 徐梓轩 龚根香 肖敏 尹国强[1] ZHOU Xiangyang;LIN Yibing;XU Zixuan;GONG Genxiang;REN Min;YIN Guoqiang(Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510230,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院,广州510230

出　　处：《中国塑料》2023年第2期38-44,共7页China Plastics

基　　金：广东省清远市科技计划项目(2021SJXM020)。

摘　　要：对聚乙烯醇(PVA)/淀粉膜进行接枝改性,引入含有叔胺基团的甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA),使其对CO_(2)气体具有选择性透过功能,并对CO_(2)透过量进行优化,研究其分子结构与性能的关系。红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、原子力显微镜照片及透气测试结果证明,加入淀粉接枝DMAEMA共聚物后,PVA/淀粉改性膜对CO_(2)具有选择透过性。接枝共聚物的接枝率和添加量影响CO_(2)透过量,当添加1.5%(质量分数,下同)的接枝率为55.3%的接枝共聚物,膜的CO_(2)透过量由1.577 cm^(3)/(m^(2)·24 h·0.1 MPa)提高到45.786 cm^(3)/(m^(2)·24 h·0.1 MPa),提高了28.03倍。X射线光电子能谱测试结果显示,改性膜透过CO_(2)后,N1s谱图中399.8 eV处的结合能减小,在401.8 eV结合能增大,可能CO_(2)与膜上叔胺基团发生反应,实现在膜内的传递。此时PVA/淀粉改性膜中膜表面粗糙度增加,表面分子链由蜷缩状态转变为伸展状态,增加了与CO_(2)的接触。In this paper,PVA/starch composite membranes were grafted with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate(DMAEMA)as a modifier.The composite membranes were endowed with a selective transmission function of CO_(2) gas through introducing tertiary amine groups.The CO_(2) transmission volume was optimized through exploring the relationship between the molecular structure and performance.Based on the characterization results from infrared spectroscopy,X⁃ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),atomic force microscopy,and permeability tests,the composites exhibited selective permeability to CO_(2) after grafting DMAEMA into starch.The CO_(2) transmittance of the DMAEMA⁃grafted starch increased by 28.03 times from 1.577 to 45.786 cm^(3)/(m^(2)·24 h·0.1 MPa)at a graft rate of 55.3 wt%and a copolymer amount of 1.5 wt%.The XPS results indicated a decrease in binding energy at 399.8 eV in N1s spectrum and an in⁃crease in binding energy at 401.8 eV after CO_(2) permeates the composite membranes.CO_(2) can react with tertiary amine groups on the composite membranes to realize an internal transfer.Therefore,the surface roughness of the composite membranes increased,and there was a transition from the curled state to the extended state for the molecular chains on the membrane surface,resulting in an increase in the contact with CO_(2).

关 键 词：聚乙烯醇 玉米淀粉 改性膜 接枝 二氧化碳透过膜 机制 

分 类 号：TQ325.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]