论数字身份的民事权利配置  

On the Configuration of Civil Rights of Digital Identity

作　　者：肖潇 Xiao Xiao

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2023年第2期102-112,共11页

基　　金：研究和阐释党的十九届五中全会国家社科基金重点项目“优化市场化法治化国际化营商环境研究”(项目编号:21AZD030)。

摘　　要：数字经济健康发展的基本前提是构建以数字信任为基础的数字身份。不同于法定身份,数字身份是由数据和信息组成,以数字形式存储和传输的新型身份形态。数字身份的治理面临如下难题:数字身份虚拟性导致侵权法介入困难,网络空间的匿名性、假名性导致了网络空间的不信任,现行法中关于隐私权与个人信息保护的规定难以契合以数字身份为核心建构的新型网络互动模式。因此,应当通过网站经营者利益的让渡、最大化平台自治约束力、建构数字身份的主体性等途径,为数字身份配置民事权利。具体而言,个体凭借在特定社群中建立的数字身份形象,能够享受人格尊严、获取人格自由;数字身份对应的数据潜在财产利益、数字身份积极财产利益、数字身份消极财产利益等构成数字身份的财产利益。The basic premise for the healthy development of digital economy is to build a digital identity based on digital trust.Different from legal identity,digital identity is a new form of identity composed of data and information,stored and transmitted in digital form.The governance of digital identity is faced with the following problems:the virtual nature of digital identity leads to difficulties in the intervention of tort law,the anonymity and pseudonymy of cyberspace lead to distrust of cyberspace,and the provisions of the current law on privacy and personal information protection are difficult to fit in with the new network interaction mode constructed with digital identity as the core.Therefore,we should allocate civil rights for digital identity by transferring the interests of website operators,maximizing the autonomy and binding force of the platform,and building the subjectivity of digital identity.Specifically,individuals can enjoy personal dignity and obtain personal freedom by virtue of their digital identity images established in specific communities;The potential property interests of data,positive property interests of digital identity and negative property interests of digital identity corresponding to digital identity constitute the property interests of digital identity.

关 键 词：数字身份 数字经济 个人信息 隐私权 人格权利 财产权利 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]