不同刈割期甘蔗营养成分和生物产量研究及饲用价值评价  

Nutritional Components and Biological Yield of Sugarcane at Different Cutting Stages and Evaluation of Feeding Value

作　　者：李孟周 王智能[2] 陆鑫[2] 陈浩文 李登宇 范源洪 LI Mengzhou;WANG Zhineng;LU Xin;CHEN Haowen;LI Dengyu;FAN Yuanhong(Institute of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;Institute of Sugarcane,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661600,China;Yunnan Plateau Institute of Characteristic Agriculture Industry,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远661600 [3]云南省高原特色农业产业研究院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第1期113-121,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：云南省现代农业甘蔗产业技术体系首席科学家项目(2018—2020)。

摘　　要：畜牧产业的快速发展对饲草饲料的需求日益增加,筛选新的饲料作物品种是当务之急。本研究以2个国审牧草甘蔗品种为对照,对15个甘蔗品种的生物产量和10个青饲料常规营养成分指标进行测定分析,探究甘蔗不同刈割期的主成分变化规律,评价甘蔗饲用价值,为甘蔗一年多采和全株饲用提供科学依据。通过因子主成分分析筛选出粗蛋白(CP)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、粗脂肪(EE)、钙(Ca)5个主要指标,基本包含了所测指标的全部信息。结果显示:15个甘蔗CP含量最高的是‘云蔗12-201’,为8.80%;ADF含量最低的是‘ROC22’,为35.25%;WSC含量最高的是‘云蔗00-290’,为6.16%;EE含量最高的是‘云蔗01-286’,为1.40%。其中‘ROC22’‘云蔗12-201’的CP含量超过CK1、CK2;‘Q27’‘ROC22’‘云蔗01-286’‘云蔗06-160’‘云蔗12-142-1-J’‘滇蔗11-728’的ADF含量均低于CK1、CK2;‘Q27’‘云蔗00-290’‘云蔗12-142-1-J’‘云蔗16-16’‘滇蔗11-726’‘滇蔗11-728’的WSC含量均高于CK1、CK2;15个甘蔗的EE含量与CK1无显著差异,除‘云蔗06-160’外,其余14个甘蔗EE含量与CK2差异不显著;除‘滇蔗11-726’外,其余14个甘蔗的Ca含量与CK1、CK2均不存在显著差异。所有甘蔗品种第一次刈割期的CP含量均超过第二次,第一次刈割期的ADF、WSC、EE、Ca含量高于第二次的分别有12、5、4、14个甘蔗品种。15个甘蔗品种的2次刈割合计产量在71.40~163.95 t/hm2之间,均大于CK1、CK2。15个甘蔗品种的CP、ADF、WSC、EE单位面积产量均超过CK1和CK2,15个甘蔗品种的Ca产量超过CK2。综合评价表明,甘蔗可以作为反刍动物饲料,营养价值和经济效益较高。本研究筛选出‘Q27’‘ROC22’‘云蔗01-286’‘云蔗12-201’‘滇蔗11-728’等5个甘蔗品种作为饲用甘蔗来源,这不但可以满足饲草动物的原料需求,而且可以形成糖畜联动的产业发展模式。With the rapid development of the livestock industry,the demand for forage is increasing,and it is urgent to screen new forage crop varieties.In this study,two national forage sugarcane varieties were used as the control.The biological yield of 15 sugarcane varieties and the routine nutritional components of 10 green fodder were measured and analyzed to explore the principal component variation of sugarcane at different cutting stages,and evaluate the feeding value of sugarcane,so as to provide scientific basis for more than one year of sugarcane harvest and whole plant feeding.Crude protein(CP),acid detergent fiber(ADF),water-soluble carbohydrate(WSC)and crude fat(EE)were selected by factor principal component analysis,which basically contained all the information of the indexes measured.Among the 15 sugarcane varieties,‘Yunzhe12-201’had the highest CP content,which was 8.80%,‘ROC22’with the lowest ADF content,35.25%.The highest WSC content was from‘Yunzhe 00-290’,6.16%.The highest EE content was from‘Yunzhe 01-286’,1.40%.The CP content of‘ROC22’and‘Yunzhe 12-201’was higher than that of CK1 and CK2.The ADF content of‘Q27’,‘ROC22’,‘Yunzhe 01-286’,‘Yunzhe 06-160’,‘Yunzhe 12-142-1-J’,‘Dianzhe 11-728’was lower than that of CK1 and CK2.The WSC content of‘Q27’,‘Yunzhe 00-290’,‘Yunzhe 12-142-1-J’,‘Yunzhe 16-16’,‘Dianzhe 11-726’and‘Dianzhe 11-728’was higher than that of CK1 and CK2.There was no significant difference in EE content between 15 sugarcane varieties and CK1(P>0.05),except‘Yunzhe 06-160’.There was no significant difference in EE content between 14 sugarcane varieties and CK2.Except for‘Dianzhe 11-726’,there was no significant difference in Ca content between 14 varieties and CK1 and CK2.The CP content of all sugarcane varieties in the first cutting period was higher than that in the second cutting period,and the ADF,WSC,EE and Ca content in the first cutting period was higher than that in the second cutting period,with 12,5,4 and

关 键 词：甘蔗 牧草 营养成分 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]