计及功率响应延时补偿的换流器接口电源等效惯量估计方法  

Equivalent Inertia Estimation Method for Converter-interfaced Generator Considering Power Response Delay Compensation

作　　者：李昭良 胥国毅 王程 张啸笛 李相俊 毕天姝 LI Zhaoliang;XU Guoyi;WANG Cheng;ZHANG Xiaodi;LI Xiangjun;BI Tianshu(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources(North China Electric Power University),Beijing 102206,China;State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy&Storage Systems(China Electric Power Research Institute),Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市102206 [2]新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司),北京市100192

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2023年第1期12-21,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(吉瓦时级锂离子电池储能系统技术,2021YFB2400100、吉瓦时级储能电站集成及智能管理与示范应用,2021YFB2400105)。

摘　　要：随着大量基于换流器接口的新能源电源的接入,系统转动惯量下降。新能源电源采用虚拟惯量、一次调频控制可以提高其主动支撑电网频率的能力。根据换流器接口电源频率控制响应特性,文中提出了一种计及功率响应延时的换流器接口电源等效惯量估计方法。首先,测量换流器接口电源并网点的节点频率和有功功率,通过节点频率判断调频控制是否被触发。然后,通过对触发调频控制后并网点的有功增量进行长时间尺度的积分,计算等效一次调频系数及有功响应延时。最后,修正并网点投入虚拟惯量后的有功增量并计算等效惯量。利用实时数字仿真系统和风光储频率控制器构建了闭环实时仿真系统,验证了所提方法在系统发生不同扰动、不同调频控制策略参与下等效惯量估计的正确性,并分析了算法关键参数设置对响应延时计算准确性的影响。仿真结果表明,所提方法适用于换流器接口的等效惯量估计,具有较高的精度。With a large number of renewable energy sources based on the converter-interfaced generator(CIG) connecting to the power grid, the rotational inertia of the system is decreasing. By using the virtual inertia control and the primary frequency regulation control, the capability of renewable energy sources to actively support the frequency of the power grid can be improved.According to the characteristics of the frequency control response of CIG, this paper proposes an equivalent inertia estimation method for CIG considering power response delay compensation. First, the node frequency and the active power of the point of common coupling of CIG are measured, and the node frequency data is adopted to judge whether the frequency regulation control is triggered. Then, by integrating the active power increment in a long time scale after the frequency regulation control is triggered,the coefficient of primary frequency regulation and the time delay of active power response are calculated. Finally, the active power increment after using the virtual inertia control is corrected and the equivalent inertia is calculated. A closed-loop real-time simulation system is established by using the real-time digital simulation(RTDS) system and the frequency controller for wind,photovoltaic, and energy storage. The correctness of the proposed method is verified with different disturbances and different frequency regulation control strategies, and the influence of key parameters of the algorithm on the accuracy of response time delay calculation is analyzed. The simulation results show that the proposed method is suitable for estimating the equivalent inertia of CIG and has high precision.

关 键 词：新能源 惯量估计 虚拟惯量 一次调频 延时估计 频率稳定 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]