糯玉米种子活力性状的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析  

Mixed major genes and polygenes inheritance analyses for seed vigor traits in waxy corn

作　　者：蒋锋 闫艳 黄正刚 梁日朗 梁泽恩 刘鹏飞 JIANG Feng;YAN Yan;HUANG Zhenggang;LIANG Rilang;LIANG Ze’en;LIU Pengfei(College of Agriculture and Biology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225,China;Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院农业与生物学院,广东广州510225 [2]广州市岭南特色作物种质资源研究与利用重点实验室,广东广州510225

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期22-29,42,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：广东省高校优秀青年人才培养计划项目(2012LYM_0078);广州市岭南特色作物种质资源研究与利用重点实验室项目(202002010010)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索鲜食型糯玉米种子活力的遗传模型,为糯玉米种子活力研究提供理论基础。【方法】以种子活力有显著差异的糯玉米自交系N34(P_(1))和N56(P_(2))为亲本,配制F1、B_(1)、B_(2)、F_(2)群体,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析方法,对种子活力3个相关指标(发芽势、电导率和活力指数)的遗传模型进行分析。【结果】鲜食糯玉米发芽势最佳遗传模型为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传模型,B_(1)、B_(2)和F_(2)主基因遗传率分别为66.62%,49.10%和92.94%;电导率最佳遗传模型为1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型,B_(1)、B_(2)和F_(2)主基因遗传率分别为57.75%,57.96%和65.14%;活力指数最佳遗传模型是2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型,B_(1)、B_(2)和F_(2)主基因遗传率分别为66.49%,48.02%和89.49%。3个性状均以主基因遗传为主。【结论】在育种实践中,对糯玉米种子活力的遗传改良和选择可在低世代进行,同时可采用聚合回交或轮回选择来积累有效修饰基因和微效基因,以提高育种效率。【Objective】This study explored the genetic model for seed vigor traits of waxy corn to improve related researches.【Method】The waxy corn inbred lines N34(P_(1))and N56(P_(2))with significant difference in seed vigor were crossed as parents to produce F1,B_(1),B_(2)and F_(2)populations.The mixed major gene and polygenes inheritance analysis method was used to conduct models for germination potential,electrical conductivity and vigor index.【Result】The optimal genetic model for germination was a mixed model of two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes plus additive-dominant-epistatic polygenes.The heritability of major genes in B_(1),B_(2)and F_(2)was 66.62%,49.10%and 92.94%,respectively.The optimal genetic model for conductivity was a mixed model of one additive-dominant major gene plus additive-dominant polygenes.The heritability of major genes in B_(1),B_(2)and F_(2)was 57.75%,57.96%and 65.14%,respectively.The optimal genetic model for vigor index was a mixed model of two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes plus additive-dominant polygenes,and the heritability of major genes in B_(1),B_(2)and F_(2)was 66.49%,48.02%and 89.49%,respectively.All the three traits were dominated by heritability of major genes.【Conclusion】In breeding practice,genetic improvement and selection of waxy corn seed vigor can be carried out in low ge-nerations,and polymeric backcross or recurrent selection can be used to accumulate effective modifier genes and minor genes to improve breeding efficiency.

关 键 词：糯玉米 种子活力 主基因+多基因混合遗传模型 主基因遗传 

分 类 号：S513.032[农业科学—作物学]