老年轻度认知障碍患者的衰弱现状及影响因素  

Cognitive Weakness and Its Influencing Factors in Elderly Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

作　　者：杨路静 范雪 张旭东[1] YANG Lu-jing;FAN Xue;ZHANG Xu-dong(Department of Neurology,Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China;Peking University School of Medi-cine,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院神经内科,北京100050 [2]北京大学医学部,北京100191

出　　处：《神经损伤与功能重建》2023年第2期68-71,102,共5页Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction

摘　　要：目的:调查老年轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者的衰弱现状及影响因素。方法:便利抽取老年MCI患者572例,分别应用一般资料调查表、蒙特利尔认知评估量表北京版(MoCA-B)、衰弱(FRAIL Scale)量表、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)及老年抑郁量表30项版(GDS-30)对老年MCI患者的一般人口学资料、认知功能情况、生活方式及社会心理情况进行问卷调查,并采用多元Logistic回归分析研究其影响因素。结果:我国老年人MCI发生率较高,其发病与年龄、性别、遗传、生活方式和受教育程度有关;老年MCI患者发生继衰弱及衰弱前期的发生率较高,老年MCI患者衰弱发生率为13.64%,轻度衰弱发生率为28.67%。经Logistic回归分析显示,孤独、抑郁负面情绪、睡眠障碍、合并慢性病是老年MCI患者衰弱的危险因素(P<0.05),而较高的文化程度、经常体育锻炼、益智类游戏及社会支持是老年MCI的衰弱患者的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:我国老年MCI患者合并衰弱的发生率较高,医务人员在对老年MCI患者的综合评估的基础上应注重衰弱的评估,并根据其危险因素有针对性地预防和延缓老年MCI的认知衰退的发生发展。Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of cognitive weakness in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 572 patients diagnosed as old-age MCI. The General Data Questionnaire, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale Beijing version(MoCA-B), FRAIL Scale, Activities of Daily Living Scale(ADL), Perceptive Social Support Scale(PSSS), and 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-30) were used to investigate the general demographic data, cognitive function, lifestyle, and psychosocial status of elderly patients with MCI, and multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to study the influencing factors of it. Results: There was a high incidence of MCI in the elderly in China. The incidence was related to age, sex, heredity, lifestyle, and education level. The incidence rates of subsequent frailty and pre-frailty in elderly MCI patients were high. The incidence of frailty in elderly MCI patients was 13.64%, and the incidence of mild frailty was 28.67%. Logistic regression analysis showed that loneliness, depression, sleep disorders, and chronic diseases were risk factors for frailty in elderly patients with MCI(P<0.05), while higher education level, regular physical exercise, intellectual games, and social support were protective factors(P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence rate of frailty in elderly patients with MCI is high, suggesting that medical staff should be attentive to frailty evaluation in addition to the comprehensive evaluation of elderly patients with MCI, and prevent and delay the occurrence and development of cognitive decline in elderly patients with MCI according to their risk factors.

关 键 词：轻度认知障碍 衰弱:认知功能 影响因素 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R742[医药卫生—临床医学] R743