新工党政府时期英国对华的自身形象塑造  

The Shaping and Results of Britain’s Own National Image Towards China During the New Labour Years

作　　者：张铭 郭家宏[1] Zhang Ming;Guo Jiahong

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《学海》2023年第1期138-146,共9页Academia Bimestris

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“英国工党史”(项目号:20&ZD241)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新工党政府时期是中英关系快速发展的时期,双方的深入认知与接触必然伴随着不同于以往的国家形象的产生。从英国对华的形象塑造来说,新工党政府时期的英国面临着近代以来的殖民历史包袱,但香港回归一定程度上吹散了历史阴霾,为新的英国形象提供了机会。而英国实力的相对衰落和中英经济的互补性使得英国积极拥抱“中国机遇论”,为英国对华形象的塑造提供动力。“第三条道路的践行者”“道德外交的信奉者”“文化外交强国”是英国有意识对外塑造的形象,但标榜的理念和实际行动之间是存在差异的。英国的实际形象或许可以概括为“合作不断深入的伙伴”“广受欢迎的留学目的地”“美国的忠实追随者”“一些不和谐音符的弹奏者”等。就中英战略利益的相关度而言,英国对中国的考量与中国对英国的考量并不相互对应。英国自身的多重国际身份定位决定了英国对华形象的多面性。The New Labour Years is a period of rapid development of UK-China relations. The in-depth cognition and contact between the two countries inevitably is accompanied by the emergence of a different national image. In terms of the national image shaping of Britain to China, Britain during the New Labour Party was faced with the burden of colonial history since modern times, but the return of Hong Kong to a certain extent eased the historical haze and provided an opportunity for the new image of Britain. The relative decline of Britain’s strength and the complementarity of China and Britain’s economy make Britain actively embrace the “Chinese Opportunity Theory”, which provides impetus for the shaping of Britain’s image of China. “A Practitioner of the Third Way”, “a believer of moral diplomacy” and “a powerful country in cultural diplomacy” are the national images that Britain would like to cultivate. However, there are differences between the effects of the initiative and the actual action. The actual national images formed may be summarized as “a partner with deepening cooperation”, “a popular destination for studying abroad”, “a loyal followers of the United States”, “a player of a few discordant notes”, etc. The reasons may be related to the factors that affect the national image of Britain towards China. In terms of the relevance of strategic interests of the two countries, Britain’s consideration of China does not correspond to China’s consideration of Britain. The multiple international identity positioning of Britain also determines the multifaceted image of Britain towards China. On the whole, however, the national image of Britain towards China during the New Labour Years is barely satisfactory.

关 键 词：新工党政府 布莱尔政府 布朗政府 中英关系 国家形象 

分 类 号：D756.1[政治法律—政治学] D829.561[政治法律—中外政治制度]