斯图亚特·霍尔重构马克思主义意识形态理论的三个层次  

Stuart Hall’s Reconstruction of Three Levels of Marxist Ideology Theory

作　　者：刘力永[1] 王凤良 Liu Liyong;Wang Fengliang

机构地区：[1]中共江苏省委党校哲学教研部,南京210009 [2]中共无锡市委党校,无锡214086

出　　处：《上海行政学院学报》2023年第1期23-32,共10页The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“斯图亚特·霍尔的当代资本主义文化批判理论研究”(18BZX035)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：马克思主义意识形态理论不仅在分析当代发达资本主义社会问题方面具有极其重要的价值,而且在文化研究的发展过程中起到了至关重要的理论支撑作用。霍尔从三个层次入手重构了马克思主义意识形态理论。在内涵层次上,霍尔既反对“经济还原论”也反对“唯心论”。意识形态和社会阶级不是必然的对应关系,而是偶然的接合。意识形态是表征系统,我们用它向自身和他人描绘世界的意义。在语言层次上,意识形态像语言一样运作,在根本上具有话语和符号特征。在实践层次上,意识形态不仅是一个理论问题,而且是一个涉及政治策略的问题。意识形态斗争包括为某个现有术语或范畴争得某些新意义的尝试,也包括让这个术语从其表征系统的位置上脱离链接的努力。符号(话语)斗争是社会主义政治策略新形式。Marxist ideology theory not only has extremely important value in analyzing the problems of contemporary developed capitalist society,but also plays a key role in vital theoretical support for the development of cultural research.Hall reconstructed the Marxist ideology theory from three levels.On the connotation level,Hall opposed both“economic reductionism”and“idealism”.Ideology and social class are not necessarily corresponding,but accidentally articulated.Ideology is a representation system.We use it to describe the meaning of the world to ourselves and others.On the level of language,ideology operates like language and has the characteristics of discourse and symbol.On the practical level,ideology is not only a theoretical issue,but also a political strategy issue.The ideological struggle includes the attempt to win some new meanings for an existing term or category,and also the effort to make the term disconnect from its position in the representation system.Symbol(discourse)struggle is a new form of socialist political strategy.

关 键 词：意识形态 表征系统 政治主体 社会阶级 话语 

分 类 号：B561.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]