冷战前期台湾地区争取港澳青年赴台升学研究  

Taiwan's Efforts to Get Hong Kong and Macao Youth to Study in Taiwan in the Early Years of Cold War

作　　者：沈燕清 高艳杰 Shen Yanqing;Gao Yanjie

机构地区：[1]厦门大学南洋研究院

出　　处：《台湾历史研究》2023年第1期41-49,共9页Taiwan History Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“美国对东南亚华人华侨的心理战研究(1949-1965)”(编号19BSS034)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1949年中华人民共和国成立后,港澳等地青年掀起赴中国内地求学的热潮。为与中共争夺港澳及海外华侨青年,退守台湾地区的国民党也提出“无侨教即无侨务”的基本方针。1954年美台联合推出美援侨生教育计划,为台湾地区争取港澳青年赴台升学提供了经济保障。为积极争取港澳青年赴台升学,台湾地区当局采取了争夺港澳华文教育阵地、考选与保送、组织赴台观光及服务、提供生活及学业上的补助与帮扶、展开相关舆论宣传等措施。赴台升学的港澳毕业生政治认同受台湾地区影响较大,回去后主要从事教育及新闻等工作,对港澳民众尤其是青年一代的政治认同产生诸多负面影响。After the founding of the PRC in 1949,the youth from Hong Kong,Macao,and other places set off an upsurge in studying in China's Mainland.At the same time,the KMT authorities who retreated to Taiwan region also put forward the basic policy of“No Overseas Chinese education means no Overseas Chinese affairs.”In 1954,the United States and Taiwan region jointly launched the US-assisted Overseas Chinese Student Education Program,which provided economic security for Taiwan to attract the youth from Hong Kong and Macao to study in Taiwan.In order to actively strive for the youth from Hong Kong and Macao to study in Taiwan,the Taiwan authorities have taken relevant measures,such as competing for the front of Chinese language education in Hong Kong and Macao,selecting and recommending the youth to study in Taiwan,organizing sightseeing and services for the youth to go to Taiwan,providing subsidies and assistance in life and study,and carrying out relevant publicity.The political identity of Hong Kong and Macao graduates who have gone to Taiwan for further study is greatly influenced by Taiwan.After graduating,they are mainly engaged in education and journalism,which negatively impacts the political identity of Hong Kong and Macao people,especially the young generation.

关 键 词：冷战 台湾地区 港澳青年 侨生教育 

分 类 号：G749[文化科学—教育学]