宏事件视角下的成事及相关词语研究  

On “cheng shi” and Its Relevant Words: a Macro-event-based Approach

作　　者：倪涛[1,2] NI Tao(School of Humanities,Anhui Art College,Hefei 230601,China;School of Foreign Languages,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽艺术职业学院人文学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]河南大学外语学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《宜春学院学报》2023年第1期75-79,共5页Journal of Yichun University

基　　金：安徽省高校人文社会科学研究重点项目“宏事件视角下英汉颜色词的形义界面研究”(项目编号:SK2020A0843)。

摘　　要：基于宏事件的视角,汉语的成事及其相关词语充当了编码“状态变化”的形式实体。这样不仅可以在语义上统括各类“成事”,还有利于揭示成事和动词的内在联系并解析成事标志和“了”的隐现,以及成事句的句法特征。总体上,成事和相关词语可以编码“致使”“非致使”和“自变”三类事件。其中,除了表示意外情况,成事相对于动词具有“顺向/逆向”和“超额/欠额”四种实现类型,而动词则相对于成事呈现出语义的递增系列。此外,在使役交替和论元实现上,成事句的种种表现也隐含着深刻的语义动因,与其编码的事件是内在联系的。From a macro-event perspective,Chinese“cheng shi”(成事)and its relevant words serve as formal entities in the encoding of“state change”,which can not only systematizes sub-types of“cheng shi”,but helps to analyze the inner relation between“cheng shi”and its verbs,the emergence of“cheng shi”signs and“le”(了),and syntactic features of“cheng shi”sentences.In general,“cheng shi”and its relevant words can encode three types of event,namely,“causative change”,“decausative change”and“self-change”.Among them,besides“other-event”,“cheng shi”can express“fulfillment”“antifulfillment”“overfulfillment”and“underfulfillment”of relevant verbs.Meanwhile,verbs,relative to their corresponding“cheng shi”,inherently constitute an incremental semantic series.Besides,analyses suggest that causative alteration and argument realization of“cheng shi”sentences are semantically motivated and internally related to different events being encoded.

关 键 词：成事 动词 状态变化 实现 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]