中国企业家悖论认知框架的动态演化——基于阴阳平衡的哲理分析  

The Dynamic Evolution of Chinese Entrepreneurs’ Paradoxical Cognitive Framework: Based on the Philosophical Analysis of Yin-Yang Balance

作　　者：杨勇 冯博 曹井柱 YANG Yong;FENG Bo;CAO Jingzhu(School of Mangement,Northestern University at Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao 066004,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]东北大学秦皇岛分校管理学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《管理学刊》2022年第6期140-158,共19页Journal of Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71972033);河北省社会科学规划基金一般项目(HB19GL070)。

摘　　要：中国企业伴随着改革开放而迅猛发展,其面临的悖论问题、企业家认知和应对策略很难用现有的管理理论解释。基于动态过程视角,探究中国企业家在企业初创期、发展期和成熟期面临的重要悖论问题,识别企业家采取何种悖论认知框架进行战略思考以及相应的管理策略。研究选择二十世纪八十年代成立的17家著名企业为研究对象,收集这些企业创始人的访谈实录、网络视频和相关企业资料。遵循中国管理扎根研究范式,对36万余字的文本资料进行编码分析,研究发现,企业创始领导者受阴阳平衡哲学的影响,其悖论认知框架包括整体性(7个范畴)、平衡性(3个范畴)和动态性(3个范畴)3个维度;随着企业的发展,企业面临的悖论问题越来越复杂,企业家的悖论认知框架也越来越复杂与抽象化,其采取的悖论管理策略也倾向整体综合化。本研究发现对企业领导者有效解决战略冲突,推动企业持续发展提供一定的理论指导。Chinese enterprises are developing rapidly with the reform and opening-up, and it is difficult to explain the paradoxes, entrepreneurs’ cognition, and coping strategies with the existing management theories. Based on the dynamic process perspective, this paper explores the important paradoxes faced by Chinese entrepreneurs in the start-up, development,and maturity of enterprises, and identifies what kind of paradoxical cognitive framework entrepreneurs adopt for strategic thinking and corresponding management strategies. We select 17 famous enterprises established in 1980s as research objects,and collects interview records, online videos, and related enterprise data of these enterprise founders. Following the grounded research paradigm of Chinese management, we encode more than 360000 words of text materials, and found that the founding leaders are influenced by the philosophy of Yin-Yang balance, and their paradoxical cognitive framework includes three dimensions: integrity(7 categories), balance(3 categories) and dynamics(3 categories). With the development of enterprises,the paradoxical problems faced by enterprises become more and more complex, and the paradoxical cognitive framework of entrepreneurs becomes more and more complex and abstract, and their paradoxical management strategies tend to be integrated. The findings provide some theoretical guidance for enterprise leaders to effectively solve strategic conflicts and promote the sustainable development of enterprises.

关 键 词：悖论问题 悖论认知框架 悖论管理策略 阴阳平衡 扎根研究范式 

分 类 号：F275.1[经济管理—企业管理] F810.42[经济管理—国民经济]