云南星云湖国家湿地公园鸟类多样性  

Bird Diversity in Xingyun Lake National Wetland Park,Yunnan

作　　者：马国强 马智超[3] 高映俊 李旭 MA Guo-qiang;MA Zhi-chao;GAO Ying-jun;LI Xu(Southwest Investigation and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Kunming 650216,Yunnan,China;College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Xingyun Lake Administration,Yuxi 652600,Yunnan China;Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan,Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局西南调查规划院,云南昆明650216 [2]兰州大学生态学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]星云湖管理局,云南玉溪652600 [4]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2023年第1期20-24,共5页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860603);国家林业和草原局林业软科学研究项目(2018-R14);国家林业和草原局西南调查规划院项目(2022018);云南江川星云湖国家湿地公园科研监测项目(2022033)。

摘　　要：为全面掌握云南江川星云湖国家湿地公园的鸟类多样性及其群落动态。2020年11月—2021年10月,采用样线法和样点法调查星云湖国家湿地公园鸟类多样性。共记录到鸟类112种,隶属于15目44科,其中国家Ⅰ级保护动物1种,国家Ⅱ级保护动物7种。湿地公园有留鸟64种,冬候鸟33种,夏候鸟10种,旅鸟4种,迷鸟1种。沼泽湿地鸟类种类最多,有77种,农田最少,有74种。沼泽湿地鸟类香农-威纳指数和均匀度指数最高,分别为3.5225、0.8134。冬季鸟类种类最多,有84种,夏季最少,有69种;冬季的鸟类香农-威纳指数和均匀度指数最高,分别为3.6052、0.8137,春季最低,分别为2.9167、0.6675。农田与沼泽间的鸟类群落相似性最高,为0.7733,林地与农田间的鸟类群落相似性最低,为0.6233。春季与冬季的鸟类群落相似性最高,为0.7853,夏季与秋季的鸟类群落相似性最低,为0.7092。研究结果为湿地公园保护管理与鸟类监测提供了基础资料。In order to comprehensively and systematically grasp the bird diversity and community dynamics of Xingyun Lake national wetland park in Jiangchuan,Yunnan Province.From November 2020 to October 2021,the bird diversity of Xingyun Lake national wetland park was investigated by using the methods of line sampling and point sampling.A total of 112 species of birds were recorded,belonging to 15 orders and 44 families,including 1 species of national first-class key protected animals and 7 species of national second-class key protected animals.There were 64 species of resident birds,33 species of winter migratory birds,10 species of summer migratory birds,4 species of migratory birds and 1 species of stray bird.swamp wetland had the largest number of bird species(77),farmland had the least number of bird species(74);the swamp wetland also had the highest shannon Weiner index and evenness index,3.522 5 and 0.813 4 respectively.Winter had the largest number of bird species(84),summer had the least number of bird species(69);winter had the highest shannon Weiner index and evenness index,3.605 2 and 0.813 7 respectively,spring had the lowest shannon Weiner index and evenness index,2.916 7 and 0.667 5 respectively.The similarity of bird community between farmland and swamp was the highest(0.773 3),and the similarity of bird community between woodland and farmland was the lowest(0.623 3).The community similarity between spring and winter was the highest(0.785 3),and the community similarity between summer and autumn was the lowest(0.709 2),The results provide basic data for wetland park management,protection and bird monitoring.

关 键 词：星云湖 国家湿地公园 鸟类多样性 季节变化 生境 

分 类 号：B220.35[哲学宗教—中国哲学]