市政污水厂典型A~2O工艺低碳运行的系统性评估  

Systematic Evaluation of Low-carbon Operation of Typical A~2O Processes in Municipal Sewage Plant

作　　者：孟红旗[1] 李红霞 赵爱平 原建光 张东[1] MENG Hong-qi;LI Hong-xia;ZHAO Ai-ping;YUAN Jian-guang;ZHANG Dong(Institute of Resources&Environment,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Kangda Environmental Protection Water Co.,Ltd.,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学资源环境学院,焦作454000 [2]康达环保水务有限公司,焦作454000

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第2期1174-1180,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42073009,41573095)。

摘　　要：在“碳达峰、碳中和”的目标下,系统评估典型A~2O工艺运行的碳排放当量及其组成,对我国市政污水厂的低碳运行具有重要的指导意义.以焦作市第一污水厂2020年的运行资料为研究案例,基于相关指南,引入水温因素构建阿伦尼乌斯公式模型用于核算直接碳排放过程,从电能消耗、药剂投加和污泥运输这3个方面核算间接碳排放过程.结果表明,CH_(4)和N_(2)O日排放强度为(115±56)kg·d^(-1)和(30±18)kg·d^(-1);生化处理工段的能耗和药剂间接碳排放占比分别达到48.4%和51.3%;2020年污水厂总计碳排放当量(以CO_(2)eq计)为2.17×10~4t,单位污水碳排放当量(0.63±0.07)kg·m^(-3);不同碳排放占比的大小顺序为:污水能耗(36.5%)>污水药剂(26.6%)>N_(2)O直接(15.4%)>污泥药剂(9.6%)>污泥能耗(6.7%)>CH_(4)直接(4.9%)>污泥运输(0.3%);对污水厂系统汇入/汇出的碳-氮元素通量进行核算,并计算碳氮比.讨论了A~2O工艺CH_(4)和N_(2)O的直接碳排放特征及其影响因素,基于碳-氮元素系统平衡理论,提出工业废水选择性引入有可能成为未来市政污水厂低碳运行的重要参考措施.Under the “Carbon Peak,Carbon Neutral” goal,the systematic evaluation of the carbon emission equivalent(CO_(2)eq) and its compositions of the typical A~2O process has important guiding significance for the low-carbon operation of most municipal sewage plants in China.Based on the operational data on the first municipal sewage plant of Jiaozuo in 2020 and the methods presented in “2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,” a systematic evaluation of the CO_(2)eq of the typical A~2O process was established,including direct emissions that were built on the Arrhenius model introducing the water temperature factor and indirect emissions from the three aspects of electricity consumption,agent addition,and sludge transportation.The results showed that the daily emission intensities of CH_(4) and N_(2)O were(115±56) kg·d^(-1) and(30±18) kg·d^(-1),respectively.Additionally,indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption and agent addition accounted for 48.4% and 51.3% in the biochemical treatment section,respectively.In 2020,CO_(2)eq amounts of total research plant and per unit sewage were 2.17×10~4 t and(0.63±0.07) kg·m^(-3),respectively.The magnitude of the proportion of different carbon emission compositions was as follows:sewage electricity(36.5%)>sewage agent(26.6%)>N_(2)O direct(15.4%)>sludge agent(9.6%)>sludge electricity(6.7%)>CH_(4) direct(4.9%)>sludge transportation(0.3%).System import/export fluxes of carbon and nitrogen elements were calculated,followed by the carbon to nitrogen mass ratio in the sewage plant.Direct carbon emission characteristics of CH_(4) and N_(2)O and their influencing factors were discussed,respectively.Based on the balance theory of carbon and nitrogen elements in the system,it is proposed that the selective introduction of industrial wastewater may become an important reference measure for the low-carbon operation of municipal sewage plants in the future.

关 键 词：市政污水 A~2O工艺 碳排放当量 系统通量 低碳运行 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]