人体器官移植中犯罪行为的刑法应对  

Criminal Law Response to Crimes in Human Organ Transplantation

作　　者：渠澄 Qu Cheng

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法学院

出　　处：《医学与法学》2023年第1期16-23,共8页Medicine and Jurisprudence

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究重点项目“精神障碍者强制医疗适用研究”(项目编号:18BSJJ16)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：关于组织出卖人体器官罪中罪名适用的争议,提出“组织”不限于以得到供体承诺的平和方式,只要行为人带着促成供体出卖器官的目的实施组织行为,即可认定为既遂,此外应将其与故意伤害、故意杀人罪的适用关系理解为想象竞合。针对“人体器官”界定不明、完全禁止未成年人、无决策能力成年人活体器官捐献的弊端、死亡认定标准有待完善等问题,提出将角膜纳入人体器官的范畴,在一定条件下允许未成年人、无决策能力成年人活体器官捐献,并提出应由二元死亡认定模式逐步过渡到脑死亡一元认定模式。Regarding the dispute over the application of the charges in the crime of organizing to sell human organs,it is pointed out that"organizing"is not limited to the peaceful way to get the commitment of the donor,as long as the perpetrator carries out the organizational behavior with the purpose of promoting the organ selling of the donor,it can be recognized as accomplished.In addition,the applicable relationship between the crime of intentional injury and intentional murder should be understood as imaginary competition.In view of the problems in the crime of organized selling human organs such as unclear definition of"human organs",completely banning live organ donation of minors,the drawbacks of living organ donation of adults without decision-making ability,and the need-to-beimproved death identification standards,this paper suggests that the cornea should be included in the category of human organs,live organ donation of minors and adults without decision-making ability should be allowed under certain conditions,and the recognition mode of brain death should be gradually changed from two-dimensional to onedimensional.

关 键 词：人体器官 非法移植 犯罪行为 刑法应对 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]