微生物挥发性有机化合物对指状青霉产孢的抑制及其机制  

Inhibition of the spore production of green mould pathogen Penicillium digitatum by microbial volatile organic compounds and its mechanisms

作　　者：陶芳怡 冯晓晓[2] 王晓楠 郑永利 吴慧明[1] Tao Fangyi;Feng Xiaoxiao;Wang Xiaonan;Zheng Yongli;Wu Huiming(School of Agricultural and Food Science,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang Province,China;Agricultural Experiment Station,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang Province,China;Zhejiang Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Center,Hangzhou 310003,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院,杭州311300 [2]浙江大学农业试验站,杭州310058 [3]浙江省农产品质量安全中心,杭州310003

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2023年第1期249-256,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：浙江省重点研发项目(2020C02027)。

摘　　要：为有效防控柑橘绿霉病,分别测定丙酸乙酯、异丁酸乙酯、2-甲基丁酸甲酯、异丁酸和2-甲基-1-丁醇5种微生物挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compound,VOC)单剂及其混剂(5种VOC体积比为1:1:1:1:1)对指状青霉Penicillium digitatum菌落生长和产孢的抑制作用、对指状青霉产孢关键调控基因表达量的影响和对分生孢子梗形态的影响及对柑橘绿霉病的室内防控效果。结果显示,丙酸乙酯、2-甲基-1-丁醇单剂和混剂对指状青霉菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用,EC50分别为1.816、0.154和0.230μL/cm^(3);5种VOC单剂及五者混剂对指状青霉产孢均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中混剂对指状青霉产孢的抑制作用最明显,EC50达到0.006μL/cm^(3);5种VOC单剂处理后,指状青霉帚状枝变短,侧枝发育不良;一定浓度丙酸乙酯、异丁酸乙酯、2-甲基丁酸甲酯或异丁酸处理后,指状青霉体内brlA和abaA基因过表达,然而2-甲基-1-丁醇和混剂处理后,其体内brlA、abaA和wetA基因均显著下调。5种VOC混剂对柑橘绿霉病的防治效果与咪鲜胺相当。表明VOC可能通过改变指状青霉产孢关键基因的表达使其分生孢子梗的帚状枝和瓶梗型产孢细胞发育不良,从而抑制孢子的产生,最终阻断柑橘绿霉病的扩散。In order to effectively control citrus chloroplast,the inhibitory effects of five volatile organic compounds(VOC),which from microbe,including ethyl propionate,ethyl isobutyrate,methyl 2-methylbutyrate,isobutyrate and 2-methyl-1-butanol on mycelial growth and sporulation of green mould pathogen Penicillium digitatum were determined,expression of key genes of sporulation and the changes of conidial infarct morphology of P.digitatum treated by VOCs were tested.The ethyl propionate,2-methyl-1-butanol or the mixture of five agents of them(volume ratio is 1:1:1:1:1)had significant inhibitory on mycelial growth of P.digitatum,the EC50were 1.816,0.154 and 0.230μL/cm^(3),respectively.Inhibitions on sporulation were found in both groups treated with individual and mixture of five compounds,the lowest EC50of them was 0.006μL/cm^(3).The shorter broom branches and the stunt lateral branches were observed at five individual groups comparing to control group.The brlA and abaA genes were overexpressed after treated with certain concentration of ethyl propionate,ethyl isobutyrate,methyl 2-methylbutyrate or isobutyrate.However,the expressions of brlA,abaA and wetA were significantly down regulated by 2-methyl-1-butanol and mixture.The control effect of mixture of five VOCs was similar to that of prochloraz on citrus green mold.The results showed that those compounds inhibited the sporulation of P.digitatum by up/down regulating the expression of key genes,resulting in the dysplasia of broom branches and calabash sporogenesis cells of strain.Certainly,the compounds block the spread of citrus green mold via inhibiting the sporogenesis of the pathogen.

关 键 词：指状青霉 挥发性有机化合物 产孢抑制 基因表达 菌落形态 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：TQ450.1[化学工程—农药化工]