早产儿视网膜病变患儿致病危险因素及不同分期发病率的探究  

An Investigation of the Pathogenic Risk Factors and the Incidence of Different Stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Children with Retinopathy of Prematurity

作　　者：赵翠 ZHAO Cui(Ophthalmology,Xinyang Eye Hospital,Xinyang,Henan,464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳市眼科医院眼科,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2023年第4期396-399,共4页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:分析早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)的致病危险因素及不同分期发病率,为临床预防ROP提供参考。方法:回顾性分析2019年10月—2021年1月信阳市眼科医院收治的130例早产儿临床资料,将出生胎龄为30~36周的早产儿设置为A组(n=89),将出生胎龄小于30周的早产儿设置为B组(n=41);结合眼底筛查结果对比不同胎龄早产儿ROP发病率及不同分期的对应人数,分析早产儿ROP发病率的影响因素。结果:眼底筛查结果显示,A组ROP检出率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.865,P<0.05),B组ROP患儿纤维形成期(Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度)人数占比高于A组,差异有统计学意义(Z=8.402,P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,早产儿胎龄(OR=3.620)、出生体质量(OR=4.421)、氧疗时长(OR=1.229)是早产儿ROP发病的危险因素。结论:早产儿胎龄短、出生体质量过轻、氧疗时间过长是ROP的危险因素,且胎龄可对ROP患儿分期结果产生影响,临床应对存在这部分危险因素的早产儿采取积极的治护措施以降低ROP发生风险。Objective:To analyze the causative risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) and the incidence of different stages to provide a reference for clinical prevention of ROP.Methods:The clinical data of 130 preterm infants admitted to the hospital from October 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and preterm infants with birth gestational age of 30 to 36weeks were set as group A(n=89), and preterm infants with birth gestational age less than 30 weeks were set as group B(n=41).The incidence of ROP in preterm infants at different gestational ages and the corresponding numbers at different stages were compared with the results of fundus screening, and the factors influencing the incidence of ROP in preterm infants were analyzed.Results:The results of fundus screening showed that the detection rate of ROP in group A was higher than that in group B, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=32.865, P<0.05). The number of children with ROP in group B with fibrogenesis(degree Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ) was higher than that in group A, and the difference was statistically significant(Z=8.402, P<0.05). Multifactorial analysis showed that gestational age(OR=3.620), birth mass(OR=4.421), and length of oxygen therapy(OR=1.229) were risk factors for the development of ROP in preterm infants.Conclusion:Short gestational age, low birth weight and prolonged oxygen therapy are risk factors for ROP, and gestational age can affect the staging outcome of children with ROP, so active clinical measures should be taken to reduce the risk of ROP in the presence of these preterm infants.

关 键 词：早产儿视网膜病变 危险因素 发病率 临床分期 

分 类 号：R744.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]