西太平洋洋底高原内部结构与形成演化  

Structure and formation of oceanic plateaus in west Pacific Ocean

作　　者：张锦昌 罗怡鸣 李海勇 杨博 黄彦铭[5] ZHANG Jinchang;LUO Yiming;LI Haiyong;YANG Bo;HUANG Yanming(CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 511458,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Science,CAS-HEC,Islamabad 45320,Pakistan;Department of Ocean Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,南海生态环境工程创新研究院,广州511458 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州511458 [3]中国-巴基斯坦地球科学研究中心,中国科学院-巴基斯坦高等教育委员会,巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡45320 [4]南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系,深圳518055 [5]油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室(长江大学),武汉430100

出　　处：《科技导报》2023年第2期65-79,共15页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0205);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2021B1515020098,2019A1515011244);国家自然科学基金项目(41890813,41976066,42006056,91958212);中国科学院项目(133244KYSB20180029,131551KYSB20200021,Y4SL021,QYZDY-SSW-DQC005,ISEE2021PY03);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111520001);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M711480)。

摘　　要：洋底高原是在深海盆地中最显著的大火成岩省,记录着海洋大规模的岩浆活动,对研究地壳结构、板块构造、地幔动力学乃至地球演化历史都具有重要意义。西太平洋是洋底高原分布最密集的区域,是研究洋底高原内部结构与形成演化的最佳场所。选取西太平洋中最具代表性的6座洋底高原——沙茨基海隆、赫斯海隆、麦哲伦海隆、翁通爪哇高原、马尼希基高原以及希古朗基高原,通过对这6座洋底高原地质概况的简要描述,归纳近年来获得的地球物理与地球化学重要观测结果,揭示其内部结构的共性,包括大面积地形隆起、异常厚的地壳、异常负的地幔重力异常以及形成于洋中脊之上或者附近的位置特征;探索了其形成机制,即地幔柱与洋中脊的相互作用可能是洋底高原的主要成因。Oceanic plateaus are the most remarkable large igneous provinces in deep sea basins.They document massive magmatism in the oceans,and are important for better understanding crustal structure,plate tectonics,mantle geodynamics and Earth’s evolution history.Oceanic plateaus are most developed in west Pacific Ocean,providing the optimal place to study their internal structure and formation.This paper selects six representative oceanic plateaus within west Pacific Ocean:Shatsky Rise,Hess Rise,Magellan Rise,Ontong Java Plateau,Manihiki Plateau and Hikurangi Plateau.We present brief geologic overview of each plateau and summarize major geophysical and geochemical observations.Based on the common characteristics of these plateaus,including massive topographic uplift,abnormally thick crust,negative mantle gravity anomaly,and formation on or near the mid-ocean ridge;the formation mechanisms are discussed,and the future investigations are suggested,i.e.,interaction between mantle plume and mid-ocean ridge may be the main origin of oceanic plateaus.

关 键 词：大火成岩省 洋底高原 地幔柱 洋中脊 西太平洋 

分 类 号：P736.12[天文地球—海洋地质]