炭基微生物菌剂促进牛粪好氧堆肥腐熟过程研究  

Study on the promotion of composting process of cow dung aerobic composting by biochar-based microbial agents

作　　者：范玉本 展恩欣 李清向 司洪宇[2] 刘建民 王志新[1] 梁晓辉[2] FAN Yuben;ZHAN Enxin;LI Qingxiang;SI Hongyu;LIU Jianmin;WANG Zhixin;LIANG Xiaohui(School of Food Science and Biology,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China;Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;Shandong Huishilai Biotechnology Company Limited,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学食品与生物学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]山东省科学院能源研究所,山东济南250014 [3]山东惠仕莱生物科技有限公司,山东济南250014

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2023年第1期74-82,共9页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省技术创新引导计划(鲁渝科技协作)项目(2020LYXZ029)。

摘　　要：为评估炭基微生物菌剂促进牛粪好氧堆肥的腐熟效果,以牛粪为原料加入自制炭基微生物菌剂进行为期34 d的堆肥试验,并以纯牛粪为空白对照,研究堆肥过程中理化指标和微生物群落的变化。结果表明,添加炭基微生物菌剂后,1 d内可使堆温达到53℃,堆体最高温度为71.7℃,较对照组最高温度高出4.6℃,且高温期延长3 d。至堆肥结束时,处理组和对照组的含水率、E4/E6,GI分别为29%和33%,1.5和1.9,145.5%和127.6%。通过相关性分析得出,累计温度、含水率、pH值等理化指标相关性数值增大为67%,与细菌门水平间相关性数值增加了56%。添加0.1%(w/w)的炭基微生物菌剂可加快腐熟过程,提高微生物多样性,加快微生物群落的演替和对物料的分解代谢,促进腐熟进程,为炭基微生物菌剂在好氧堆肥中的应用提供了理论依据。In order to evaluate the effect of biochar-based microbial agent on promoting the maturity of aerobic composting of cow dung,a composting experiment was conducted with cow dung as raw material and self-made biochar-based microbial agent for 34 days,and the changes of physical and chemical indexes and microbial communities during composting were studied with pure cow drug as blank control.The results show that after adding biochar-based microbial agents,the composting temperature could reach 53℃within 1 day,and the highest composting temperature is 71.7℃,which is 4.6℃higher than that of the control group,and the high temperature period is prolonged for 3 days.By the end of composting,the moisture content,E4/E6and GI of treatment group and control group are 29%and 33%,1.5 and 1.9,145.5%and 127.6%,respectively.Through the correlation analysis,it is found that the correlation value of accumulated temperature,moisture content,pH value and other physiochemical indicators increases by 67%,and the correlation value with bacterial phylum level increases by 56%.Therefore,the addition of 0.1%(w/w)biochar-based microbial agent could accelerate the decomposition process,improve microbial diversity,accelerate the succession of microbial communities and the catabolism of materials,and promote the compost maturity process,which provides theoretical basis for the application of biochar-based microbial agents in aerobic composting.

关 键 词：应用微生物学 炭基微生物菌剂 好氧堆肥 牛粪 腐熟 细菌群落 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]