Pneumocystis jirovecii diagnosed by next-generation sequencing of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid: A case report and review of literature  

作　　者：Qing-Wei Cheng Hong-Li Shen Zhi-Hui Dong Qian-Qian Zhang Ya-Fen Wang Jin Yan Yu-Sheng Wang Ning-Gang Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Oncology,The Sixth Division Hospital,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Wujiaqu 831300,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions,China [2]Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology,Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030013,Shanxi Province,China

出　　处：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》2023年第4期866-873,共8页世界临床病例杂志

摘　　要：BACKGROUND The advent of molecular targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors has greatly improved the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma(RCC), thus significantly improving patient survival. The incidence of rare drug-related adverse events has gained increased attention.CASE SUMMARY We report a patient with advanced RCC treated with multiple lines of molecular targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, who developed a pulmonary infection after treatment with everolimus in combination with lenvatinib. Determining the pathogenic organism was difficult, but it was eventually identified as Pneumocystis jirovecii by next-generation sequencing(NGS) of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and successfully treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.CONCLUSION Rare pulmonary infections caused by molecular targeted agents are not uncommon in clinical practice, but their diagnosis is difficult. Evaluating BALF with NGS is a good method for rapid diagnosis of such infections.

关 键 词：Renal cell carcinoma EVEROLIMUS Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia Next-generation sequencing Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid Case report 

分 类 号：R519.8[医药卫生—内科学]