On the Meaning of Impact in Disaster Risk Reduction  

作　　者：David E.Alexander 

机构地区：[1]Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction,University College London,London WC1E 6BT,UK

出　　处：《International Journal of Disaster Risk Science》2022年第5期822-827,共6页国际灾害风险科学学报（英文版）

摘　　要：This article offers a discussion of the meaning,assessment,and measurement of impact in disaster risk reduction.It begins with a historical perspective on the impact of learned work in times when orthodoxy posed severe limits on the impact of new thinking.Regarding the modern age,the article explains why impact is considered important and how it might be recognized when it occurs,including a tentative classification of types of impact.The question of whether impact can truly be measured remains pending,as the answer is diffuse and dependent on many different circumstances.Further sections consider the relationship between impact and mainstreaming and the question of whether a piece of work should be regarded as having impact if its effects are negative rather than positive.Next,impact is considered in terms of whom it benefits.Given the large number of possible reservations about the concept,the question is raised as to whether too much emphasis is given to the impact of research and scholarship.Finally,some suggestions are offered regarding how to obtain a better indication of what the impact of an academic study actually is.

关 键 词：Assessing impact Disaster risk reduction Disruptive thinking Impact of research Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction Measuring impact 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]