中国人口的年龄结构变化与教育人力资本增长  

Age Change and Educational Human Capital Growth in China's Population

作　　者：吴瑞君[1] WU Ruijun(Center for Modern Chinese City Studies and School of Social Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心暨社会发展学院,上海200241

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期25-44,共20页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“中国大城市人口与可持续发展研究”(17JJD790008)。

摘　　要：改革开放以来,我国的人口年龄结构转型不仅创造了“经济奇迹”,也推动了人力资本水平的快速提升。本文利用2000年、2010年和2020年三次全国人口普查数据,对2010年前后两个10年我国人口年龄结构的变化情况进行了深入分析,并采用分龄计算方法测算了年龄结构变动对劳动年龄人口平均受教育程度的“贡献率”和性别、城乡及区域差异,探讨了年龄结构变化与教育人力资本增长的相互关系。基于研究发现,提出了促进我国教育人力资本增长的对策建议。Since the reform and opening up,the transformation of the age structure of China's population has not only created an“economic miracle”,but also promoted the rapid improvement of the level of human capital.Based on the data from the three censuses in 2000,2010,and 2020,this paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of the changes of the age structure of China's population in the two decades before and after 2010,calculates the“contribution rate”of the changes of the age structure to the average education level of the working-age population and the gender,urban-rural,and regional differences by using the age classification method,and discusses the relationship between the changes of age structure and the growth of educational human capital.Based on the research results,it proposes some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the growth of educational human capital in China.

关 键 词：中国人口 年龄结构 教育人力资本 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学] G521[文化科学—教育学]