莱辛《简述地狱之行》中的叙事判断  

Narrative Judgments in Lessing’s Briefing for a Descent into Hell

作　　者：张琪[1] 李钰 ZHANG Qi;LI Yu(School of Foreign Studies,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;School of Foreign Languages,Guangdong Technology College,Zhaoqing 526100,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学外国语学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]广东理工学院外国语学院,广东肇庆526100

出　　处：《邵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期83-88,共6页Journal of Shaoyang University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究资助重点项目“多丽丝·莱辛科幻小说中的哲学思想研究”(18A191);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“多丽丝·莱辛科幻小说的科技伦理思想研究”(18YBA160);湖南省研究生科研创新项目“《简述地狱之行》中的叙事判断”(CX20211023)。

摘　　要：多丽丝·莱辛的《简述地狱之行》探讨了精神病患者沃特金斯的身份,揭示了两次世界大战和工业革命后人们所面临的精神困境。在费伦的叙事判断理论关照下可以发现:小说人物对沃特金斯身份的阐释判断推进了小说的叙事进程;不同小说人物的信件展示出他们对沃特金斯身份的伦理判断,引发读者对社会伦理道德的思索;医院、病人身份、病人梦境及相关信件这四种叙事元素的综合运用促成读者作出基于阐释判断与伦理判断的积极的审美判断。这三种判断推动了小说在叙事形式、叙事伦理和叙事美学上的融合。作者对沃特金斯康复历程中的身份探讨,映射出20世纪人类所面临的战争创伤、生态危机与精神危机。Doris Lessing’s Briefing for a Descent into Hell explores the identity of Watkins,a mental patient,revealing the spiritual plight faced by people after the two world wars and industrial revolutions.In the light of Phelan’s narrative judgments,it can be found that the characters’interpretive judgments on Watkins’s identity promote the progression of the novel,that different characters’letters show their ethical judgments on Watkins’s identity,arousing readers’thinking on social ethics,and that the comprehensive employment of the four narrative elements of the hospital,the patient’s identity,the patient’s dreams,and related letters enables readers to make positive aesthetic judgments depending on interpretive and ethical judgments.The three judgments promote the integration of narrative form,narrative ethics,and narrative aesthetics of the novel.The author’s exploration of Watkins’identity in his recovery journey maps the trauma of war,the ecological crisis and the spiritual crisis faced by man in the 20th century.

关 键 词：多丽丝·莱辛 《简述地狱之行》 阐释判断 伦理判断 审美判断 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]