新疆和田部分农村地区学生屈光状态与眼部生物学参数相关流行病学研究  

Epidemiological study on refractive status and ocular biological parameters of students in some rural areas of Hotan, Xinjiang

作　　者：慕璟玉 张芮 高云仙[3,4] 王雁 浏梦[3,4] 李小龙 杨依宁 卜倩 赵勇 MU Jing-yu;ZHANG Rui;GAO Yun-xian;WANG Yan;LIU Meng;LI Xiao-long;YANG Yi-ning;BU Qing;ZHAO Yong(The Fourth Clinical College of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumchi,Xinjiang 830000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第四临床医学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]成都东区爱尔眼科医院 [3]新疆医科大学附属中医医院眼科,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [4]新疆维吾尔自治区中医药研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第3期451-456,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01C176,2019D01C179);新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境建设专项(PT1905);新疆医科大学科研创新基金项目(ZYY201918)。

摘　　要：目的 调查了解目前新疆和田农村地区维吾尔族学生的屈光状态与眼部生物学参数及其之间的相关关系现况,分析少数民族学生屈光状态的流行病学特点。方法 横断面调查。于2019年1—9月采取方便抽样的方法,最终选取新疆维吾尔自治区和田农村地区15所学校的2 217名3~14岁的学生进行相关眼部检查,运用t检验、方差分析或χ2检验进行组间数据分析,比较不同年龄段及性别的眼部生物学参数、屈光状态和散光患病率,并采用Pearson相关分析和田农村地区维吾尔族学生等效球镜度(SE)与其他眼部生物学参数的相关性。结果 研究结果显示新疆和田农村地区维吾尔族3~14岁学生的近视患病率为14.3%(316/2 217),其中低度近视患病率为12.9%(286/2 217)、中度近视患病率为1.0%(22/2 217)、高度近视患病率为0.4%(8/2 217);散光患病率为35.7%(791/2 217)。2 217名学生平均等效球镜度、柱镜度、眼轴长度、前房深度、晶状体厚度及玻璃体长度分别为(-0.03±0.93) D、(-0.32±0.46) D、(22.73±0.76)mm、(3.40±0.33) mm、(3.89±0.38) mm、(15.44±0.77) mm,其中不同年龄组之间等效球镜度、柱镜度、眼轴长度、前房深度、晶状体厚度及玻璃体长度比较差异均存在统计学意义(F=99.755、30.217、22.376、7.558、6.545、16.432;P<0.001),其中13~14岁眼轴长度、前房深度及玻璃体长度均高于其他年龄组,而晶状体厚度低于其他年龄组。眼轴长度、前房深度、玻璃体长度与等效球镜度呈负相关(r=-0.247、-0.137、-0.221;P<0.05),晶状体厚度与等效球镜度呈正相关(r=0.114;P<0.05)。结论 新疆和田农村地区维吾尔族3~14岁学生的近视患病率相对较低(14.3%),其中等效球镜度与眼轴长度、前房深度、玻璃体长度呈负相关,与晶状体厚度呈正相关性。Objective To investigate the refractive status and ocular biological parameters of Uyghur students in Hotan,Xinjiang and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of refractive status of minority students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. From January 2019 to September 2019, 2 217 students aged 3 to 14 from 15 schools in Hotan rural area of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region were selected for eye examination and research analysis. The t test, ANOVA, or Chi-square test was used to test differences for categorical variables. The ocular biological parameters, refractive status, and prevalence of astigmatism in different age groups and genders were compared, and the correlation between spherical equivalent(SE) and other ocular biological parameters was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The prevalence of myopia in Uyghur students aged 3 to 14 in Hotan was 14.3%(316/2 217), among which the prevalence of low myopia was12.9%(286/2 217), moderate myopia was 1.0%(22/2 217), and high myopia was 0.4%(8/2 217). The prevalence of astigmatism was 35.7%(791/2 217). The mean spherical equivalent, cylinder power, axial length, anterior chamber depth,lens thickness, and vitreous length of 2 217 students respectively were(-0.03 ±0.93) D,(-0.32±0.46) D,(22.73 ±0.76) mm,(3.40 ±0.33) mm,(3.89 ±0.38) mm, and(15.44 ±0.77) mm. There were statistically significant differences in spherical equivalent, cylinder power, axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous length among different age groups(F =99.755, 30.217, 22.376, 7.558, 6.545, and 16.432;P <0.001). The axial length, anterior chamber depth, and vitreous length of 13 to 14 years old were higher than those of other age groups, while the lens thickness was lower than that of other age groups. The axial length, anterior chamber depth, and vitreous length were negatively correlated with the spherical equivalent(r =-0.247,-0.137, and-0.221;P <0.05), while the lens thickness was positively correlated with the spherical equivalent(r

关 键 词：近视 生物测量学 维吾尔族 学生 流行病学 

分 类 号：R778.2[医药卫生—眼科]